Zeeman splitting of the 61 Gigahertz oxygen (O2) line in the mesosphere

Hartmann, G. K.; Degenhardt, W.; Richards, Michael; Liebe, Hans J.; Hufford, George A.; Cotton, Michael G.; Bevilacqua, R. M.; Olivero, J. J.; Kämpfer, Niklaus; Langen, J.

doi:10.1029/96gl01043

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We do not understand the reason for this discrepancy. Comparing our results with results of another model [10], Figure 2 of Hartmann et al [16], however, we find that the consistently concave shape is reproduced in ARTS but not by von Engeln [12]. This second comparison strengthens our belief that the implementation in ARTS is valid.…”

Section: Qualitative Test Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

A treatment of the Zeeman effect using Stokes formalism and its implementation in the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS)

Larsson

Buehler

Eriksson

et al. 2014

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Qualitative Test Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

A treatment of the Zeeman effect using Stokes formalism and its implementation in the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS)

Larsson

Buehler

Eriksson

et al. 2014

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Hartmann et al (1996) observed the Zeeman broadening of the oxygen emission line of the 9 + line in the 61.1509 ± 0.062 GHz frequency range using the Millimeter-Wave Atmospheric Sounder on the NASA space shuttle during the ATLAS missions. Comparison of satellite measurements and radiative transfer models including the Zeeman effect have also been addressed (Han et al, 2007(Han et al, , 2010Schwartz et al, 2006).…”

Section: F Navas-guzmán Et Al: Zeeman Effect Measurements In Atmospmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zeeman effect in atmospheric O2 measured by ground-based microwave radiometry

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In this work we study the Zeeman effect on stratospheric O 2 using ground-based microwave radiometer measurements. The interaction of the Earth magnetic field with the oxygen dipole leads to a splitting of O 2 energy states, which polarizes the emission spectra. A special campaign was carried out in order to measure this effect in the oxygen emission line centered at 53.07 GHz. Both a fixed and a rotating mirror were incorporated into the TEMPERA (TEMPERature RAdiometer) in order to be able to measure under different observational angles. This new configuration allowed us to change the angle between the observational path and the Earth magnetic field direction. Moreover, a highresolution spectrometer (1 kHz) was used in order to measure for the first time the polarization state of the radiation due to the Zeeman effect in the main isotopologue of oxygen from ground-based microwave measurements. The measured spectra showed a clear polarized signature when the observational angles were changed, evidencing the Zeeman effect in the oxygen molecule. In addition, simulations carried out with the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS) allowed us to verify the microwave measurements showing a very good agreement between model and measurements. The results suggest some interesting new aspects for research of the upper atmosphere.

show abstract

“…The Zeeman effect must thus be taken into account by the radiative transfer schemes used as forward models for numerical weather prediction assimilations at the top of the modeled profiles. This has been pointed out by Lenoir (1967Lenoir ( , 1968, Liebe (1981), Rosenkranz and Staelin (1988), Hartmann et al (1996), Han et al (2007), Kobayashi et al (2009), and Stähli et al (2013), among others.…”

Section: R Larsson Et Al: High Altitude Ssmis: Radiative Transfer Mmentioning

confidence: 80%

Modeling the Zeeman effect in high-altitude SSMIS channels for numerical weather prediction profiles: comparing a fast model and a line-by-line model

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We present a comparison of a reference and a fast radiative transfer model using numerical weather prediction profiles for the Zeeman-affected high-altitude Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder channels 19-22. We find that the models agree well for channels 21 and 22 compared to the channels' system noise temperatures (1.9 and 1.3 K, respectively) and the expected profile errors at the affected altitudes (estimated to be around 5 K). For channel 22 there is a 0.5 K average difference between the models, with a standard deviation of 0.24 K for the full set of atmospheric profiles. Concerning the same channel, there is 1.2 K on average between the fast model and the sensor measurement, with 1.4 K standard deviation. For channel 21 there is a 0.9 K average difference between the models, with a standard deviation of 0.56 K. Regarding the same channel, there is 1.3 K on average between the fast model and the sensor measurement, with 2.4 K standard deviation. We consider the relatively small model differences as a validation of the fast Zeeman effect scheme for these channels. Both channels 19 and 20 have smaller average differences between the models (at below 0.2 K) and smaller standard deviations (at below 0.4 K) when both models use a two-dimensional magnetic field profile. However, when the reference model is switched to using a full three-dimensional magnetic field profile, the standard deviation to the fast model is increased to almost 2 K due to viewing geometry dependencies, causing up to ±7 K differences near the equator. The average differences between the two models remain small despite changing magnetic field configurations. We are unable to compare channels 19 and 20 to sensor measurements due to limited altitude range of the numerical weather prediction profiles. We recommended that numerical weather prediction software using the fast model takes the available fast Zeeman scheme into account for data assimilation of the affected sensor channels to better constrain the upper atmospheric temperatures.

show abstract

Zeeman splitting of the 61 Gigahertz oxygen (O₂) line in the mesosphere

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

A treatment of the Zeeman effect using Stokes formalism and its implementation in the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS)

A treatment of the Zeeman effect using Stokes formalism and its implementation in the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS)

Zeeman effect in atmospheric O<sub>2</sub> measured by ground-based microwave radiometry

Modeling the Zeeman effect in high-altitude SSMIS channels for numerical weather prediction profiles: comparing a fast model and a line-by-line model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Zeeman splitting of the 61 Gigahertz oxygen (O2) line in the mesosphere

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

A treatment of the Zeeman effect using Stokes formalism and its implementation in the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS)

A treatment of the Zeeman effect using Stokes formalism and its implementation in the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS)

Zeeman effect in atmospheric O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; measured by ground-based microwave radiometry

Modeling the Zeeman effect in high-altitude SSMIS channels for numerical weather prediction profiles: comparing a fast model and a line-by-line model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Zeeman splitting of the 61 Gigahertz oxygen (O₂) line in the mesosphere

Zeeman effect in atmospheric O<sub>2</sub> measured by ground-based microwave radiometry