Zeitliche Entwicklung von Bildungsunterschieden im Rauchverhalten von Jugendlichen in Deutschland

Kuntz, Benjamin; Waldhauer, Julia; Moor, Irene; Rathmann, Katharina; Richter, Michael; Orth, Boris; Piontek, Daniela; Kraus, Ludwig; Zeiher, Johannes; Lampert, Thomas

doi:10.1007/s00103-017-2636-4

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…From baseline to the 12-month follow-up, the smoking prevalence increased from 11.0% to 20.9% in the control group and from 14.1% to 15.6% in the intervention group. This effect was increased for students with low educational background (ie, with low academic performance), which suggests that the intervention may contribute to reducing social inequalities among Brazilian adolescents, which are enhanced by tobacco addiction [44-48]. In addition, this study represents the first time the current (2015) EAT school curriculum was prospectively evaluated globally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Smoking Prevention Program Delivered by Medical Students to Secondary Schools in Brazil Called “Education Against Tobacco”: Randomized Controlled Trial

Lisboa¹,

Bernardes‐Souza²,

Xavier³

et al. 2019

J Med Internet Res

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Background Smoking is the largest preventable cause of mortality in Brazil. Education Against Tobacco (EAT) is a network of more than 3500 medical students and physicians across 14 countries who volunteer for school-based smoking prevention programs. EAT educates 50,000 adolescents per year in the classroom setting. A recent quasi-experimental study conducted in Germany showed that EAT had significant short-term smoking cessation effects among adolescents aged 11 to 15 years. Objective The aim is to measure the long-term effectiveness of the most recent version of the EAT curriculum in Brazil. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 2348 adolescents aged 12 to 21 years (grades 7-11) at public secondary schools in Brazil. The prospective experimental design included measurements at baseline and at 6 and 12 months postintervention. The study groups comprised randomized classes receiving the standardized EAT intervention (90 minutes of mentoring in a classroom setting) and control classes in the same schools (no intervention). Data were collected on smoking status, gender, social aspects, and predictors of smoking. The primary endpoint was the difference in the change in smoking prevalence between the intervention group and the control group at 12-month follow-up. Results From baseline to 12 months, the smoking prevalence increased from 11.0% to 20.9% in the control group and from 14.1% to 15.6% in the intervention group. This difference was statistically significant ( P <.01). The effects were smaller for females (control 12.4% to 18.8% vs intervention 13.1% to 14.6%) than for males (control 9.1% to 23.6% vs intervention 15.3% to 16.8%). Increased quitting rates and prevented onset were responsible for the intervention effects. The differences in change in smoking prevalence from baseline to 12 months between the intervention and control groups were increased in students with low school performance. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first randomized trial on school-based tobacco prevention in Brazil that shows significant long-term favorable effects. The EAT program encourages quitting and prevents smoking onset, especially among males and students with low educational background. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02725021; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02725021 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/resprot.7134

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Smoking Prevention Program Delivered by Medical Students to Secondary Schools in Brazil Called “Education Against Tobacco”: Randomized Controlled Trial

Lisboa¹,

Bernardes‐Souza²,

Xavier³

et al. 2019

J Med Internet Res

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“…This difference is mostly explained by social inequalities between these two groups, which strongly correlates with tobacco use [12,13,14,15,16]. Smoking among health professionals is not only a plausible barrier to delivering cessation advice but may also trigger both smoking initiation in nonsmokers and relapse in ex-smokers [10], consistent with the theory of planned behavior [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Face-Aging Smoking Prevention/Cessation Intervention for Nursery School Students in Germany: An Appearance-Focused Interventional Study

Brinker

Alfitian

Seeger

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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The Education Against Tobacco (EAT) network delivers smoking prevention advice in secondary schools, typically using the mirroring approach (i.e., a “selfie” altered with a face-aging app and shared with a class). In November 2017, however, the German assembly of EAT opted to expand its remit to include nursing students. To assess the transferability of the existing approach, we implemented it with the self-developed face-aging app “Smokerface” (=mixed − methods approach) in six nursing schools. Anonymous questionnaires were used to assess the perceptions of 197 students (age 18–40 years; 83.8% female; 26.4% smokers; 23.3% daily smokers) collecting qualitative and quantitative data for our cross-sectional study. Most students perceived the intervention to be fun (73.3%), but a minority disagreed that their own animated selfie (25.9%) or the reaction of their peers (29.5%) had motivated them to stop smoking. The impact on motivation not to smoke was considerably lower than experienced with seventh graders (63.2% vs. 42.0%; notably, more smokers also disagreed (45.1%) than agreed (23.5%) with this statement. Agreement rates on the motivation not to smoke item were higher in females than in males and in year 2–3 than in year 1 students. Potential improvements included greater focus on pathology (29%) and discussing external factors (26%). Overall, the intervention seemed to be appealing for nursing students.

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“…Im Jugendalter sind es vor allem das Gesundheitsverhalten und die subjektive Einschätzung der Gesundheit, die Aufschluss über das Wohlbefinden und die gesundheitliche Lebensqualität der jungen Generation geben. Obwohl sich die Gesundheit und das gesundheitliche Verhalten insgesamt eher positiv über die Zeit entwickelt haben, was sich u. a. in einer höheren Einschätzung einer sehr guten Gesundheit (Cavallo et al 2015), einem höherem Obst-und Gemüsekonsum (Vereecken et al 2015), mehr physischer Aktivität (Kalman et al 2015) und sinkenden Tabakprävalenzen (Kuntz et al 2018;Moor et al 2016) äußert, zeigt sich jedoch, dass nicht alle Jugendlichen im gleichen Maße von dieser Entwicklung profitieren. Nach wie vor ist der SES eine der wichtigsten Determinanten jugendlicher Gesundheit (Inchley 2017;Viner et al 2012).…”

Section: Jugend Soziale Ungleichheit Und Gesundheitunclassified

“…Auffällig ist, dass Jugendliche aus unteren sozialen Statusgruppen häufiger rauchen als sozial besser gestellte Jugendliche (Kuntz et al 2018). Insbesondere ist dies bei der Berücksichtigung des besuchten Schultyps erkennbar: Mädchen im Alter von 15 Jahren, die das Gymnasium besuchen, geben nur zu 4,4 % an, regelmäßig, d. h. mindestens wöchentlich, zu rauchen (Jungen: 6,7 %), jedoch 29,9 % der Mädchen, die eine Hauptschule besuchen (Jungen: 14 %), so das Ergebnis von Moor et al (2016), die Daten der HBSC-Studie ("Health Behaviour in School-aged Children") für Deutschland aus dem Jahr 2014 analysierten.…”

Section: Tabakkonsumunclassified

“…Insbesondere ist dies bei der Berücksichtigung des besuchten Schultyps erkennbar: Mädchen im Alter von 15 Jahren, die das Gymnasium besuchen, geben nur zu 4,4 % an, regelmäßig, d. h. mindestens wöchentlich, zu rauchen (Jungen: 6,7 %), jedoch 29,9 % der Mädchen, die eine Hauptschule besuchen (Jungen: 14 %), so das Ergebnis von Moor et al (2016), die Daten der HBSC-Studie ("Health Behaviour in School-aged Children") für Deutschland aus dem Jahr 2014 analysierten. Dieser bildungsspezifische Rückgang im Rauchen konnte neben der HBSC-Studie auch von der KiGGS-Studie ("Studie zur Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland", der ESPAD-Studie ("the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs") als auch von der BZgA (Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung) nachgewiesen werden (Kuntz et al 2018). Ungeklärt bleibt an dieser Stelle, welche Mechanismen für das Rauchen verantwortlich sind bzw.…”

Section: Tabakkonsumunclassified

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Soziale Netzwerke, Gesundheit und gesundheitliche Ungleichheiten im Jugendalter

Hoffmann¹,

Mlinarić²,

Richter³

2019

Soziale Netzwerke Und Gesundheitliche Ungleichheiten

Self Cite

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Die soziale Netzwerkforschung ist im Jugendalter vergleichsweise weit fortgeschritten, aufgrund von schulbasierten Surveys die v. a. seit den 1960er Jahren durchgeführt wurden. • Studien im Jugendalter fokussieren sich vornehmlich auf das Gesundheitsverhalten (insbesondere den Tabakkonsum aber auch Alkoholkonsum, Ernährung und körperliche Aktivität) als auch im geringeren Umfang auf die psychosoziale Gesundheit. • Zur Erklärung der Homophilie von Peergroups im Jugendalter werden zwei verschiedene Mechanismen aufgeführt, die nur in längsschnittlichen Studien untersucht werden können:-These des sozialen Einflusses: Die Freunde beeinflussen das (Gesundheits-)Verhalten und die Einstellungen der Jugendlichen und adaptieren diese.

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Zeitliche Entwicklung von Bildungsunterschieden im Rauchverhalten von Jugendlichen in Deutschland

Cited by 29 publications

References 32 publications

A Smoking Prevention Program Delivered by Medical Students to Secondary Schools in Brazil Called “Education Against Tobacco”: Randomized Controlled Trial

A Smoking Prevention Program Delivered by Medical Students to Secondary Schools in Brazil Called “Education Against Tobacco”: Randomized Controlled Trial

A Face-Aging Smoking Prevention/Cessation Intervention for Nursery School Students in Germany: An Appearance-Focused Interventional Study

Soziale Netzwerke, Gesundheit und gesundheitliche Ungleichheiten im Jugendalter

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