Zellulärer Nachweis einiger Elemente in den Feinwurzeln gesunder und erkrankter Tannen (Abies alba Mill.) und Fichten (Picea abies [L.] Karst.)

Bauch, J.; Schröder, W. H.

doi:10.1007/bf02741186

Cited by 46 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…5). As expected from the measurements on fine roots of old growth (Bauch and Schr6der 1982) the values of calcium and magnesium are low. To compare this study's relative values with bulk analysis data, we analysed root tips of ten plants of the untreated control set (set 2) from Sachsenwald with the ICP-OES.…”

Section: Exchange Characteristics Of Fine Roots From Polluted Sitesmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The role of the ion exchange properties of the root tip apoplast in nutrient uptake is unclear, but of considerable interest. Previous investigations (Bauch and Schr6der 1982;Stienen et al 1984) using energy dispersive X-ray microbeam analysis (EDXA) and LAMMA techniques showed that the concentration of Ca and Mg was lower, and A1 often higher in the cortex of fine roots of diseased trees, compared to fine roots of trees of healthy sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Microbeam analysis of Ca exchange and uptake in the fine roots of spruce: influence of pH and aluminum

Schröder

Bauch

Endeward

1988

Trees

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Summary.A novel stable isotope labelling procedure for microbeam analysis was developed to monitor exchange and uptake of nutrients, primarily Mg, K and Ca, by root tips at the cellular level. Initially root samples were analysed from 2-year-old spruce trees, originating both from a nursery and from a polluted forest site, (1) for the cortex cell wall accessibility and nutrient binding properties, (2) for the influence of low pH and elevated aluminum concentrations on Ca binding to cortex cell walls, and (3) for long-range transport into the secondary xylem, proximal to the labelled root tip. In nursery control plants, Ca is localized mainly in the apoplast of the cortex. Exchange of Mg, K, Ca in the cell wall of the cortex and the primary xylem with label in incubation solutions is almost completed to equilibration within 30 min. In the secondary xylem we could detect Mg, K, and Ca from labelling solutions in minute amounts after 30 min, and as a major fraction after 48 h. This indicates that stable isotope labelling can be used to study both ion-exchange properties of the apoplast and long-range transport. Slight acidification of the labelling incubation media to pH 4.5 reduced Ca binding to the cortex cell walls slightly, but acidification to the extreme value of pH 2.3 reduced binding 41%. A combination ofpH 4.5 and increased free aluminum reduced the binding by 83%. In a preliminary attempt to analyse the nutrient binding capability of the root-tip apoplast from pollution affected trees, we exposed fine roots of 2-year-old spruce from an acidified and polluted site showing typical low levels of Ca and Mg in the cortical Offprint requests to: W. H. Schr6der cell walls to Ca-enriched media. Under these conditions the Ca content of cortex cell walls doubled upon incubation at pH 4.7, reaching 40% of the total binding capacity of our nursey control plants.

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Section: Exchange Characteristics Of Fine Roots From Polluted Sitesmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Microbeam analysis of Ca exchange and uptake in the fine roots of spruce: influence of pH and aluminum

Schröder

Bauch

Endeward

1988

Trees

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“…This is especially true for forest trees, whose soil root interface is partly formed by micorrhizal and microbial associates (Blasius et al, 1985;Liss et al, 1984). Under field-conditions exchange processes, affecting the uptake of ions take place at the fine root surface and within roots (Bauch and Schr6der, 1982;Stienen, 1985;Ulrich et al, 1984). This can be very well demonstrated by cellular analysis techniques, when root from limed and unlimed sites of the same location are compared (Bauch et al, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In damaged coniferous forests calcium and magnesium deficiences in needles and roots can be frequently found (Bauch and Schr6der, 1982;Evers, 1981). These deficiencies have been simulated here by lowering substantially (95%) the concentrations of those ions in the culture solutions, although this situation at pH 6 seldom occurs in nature.…”

Section: Calcium and Magnesium Deficiency Effects To The Plantsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Element content in tissues of spruce seedlings from hydroponic cultures simulating acidification and deacidification

Stienen

Bauch

1988

Plant Soil

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In order to determine the primary causes of coniferous fine root damage and disfunction in acidic soils, hydroponic cultures of young spruce in pH neutral, acidic, and metal ion-amended media were established. After five months, physiological stress in the roots was removed by raising the pH in the acid and metal ion-amended cultures to physiological neutrality. The cellular element analytical techniques of x-ray microprobe (EDXA) and laser-micromass-spectroscopy (LAMMA) were applied to samples of various tissues of the cultured spruce. Nutrient uptake by the fine roots was blocked by the following ions in order of decreasing severity: A13+ > H + > Fe 3+ > Mn 2+ . Magnesium uptake by the fine root apoplast was greatly inhibited by these blockers as was calcium. A13+ and Fe 3+ act predominantly in the root cortex, while Mn 2+ is mobile throughout the whole plant. Besides the roots, nutrient deficiencies are also severe in the shoot bark and needles. Phloem processes might therefore be affected. The ion exchange functions of the fine roots are almost reversed by raising the pH of the solutions; the nutrient cations may then again be taken up by the apoplast and the crown status improved. The consequences of these findings are discussed with regard to soil processes and fertilization (liming) treatments under field conditions.

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“…This contrasts with the higher permeability to Mg^m easured in isolated apricot cuticles. In apricot cuticles, Mg2+ transfer was found to be twice as fast as which contain much more Ca^+ than Mg2+ (see also Bauch & Schroder, 1982).…”

Section: Leaehing Of Solutes From Twigsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Leaching of solutes by the action of acidic rain: a comparison of efflux from twigs and single needles of Picea abies (L. Karst.)

Mitterhuber

Pfanz

Kaiser

1989

Plant Cell & Environment

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Abstract. Leaching of inorganic cations (K+, Mg2+) and in some cases of inorganic anions and sugars from detached twigs and single needles of spruce Picea abies L. Karst.) in the presence of acid rain (H2SO4, 1 mol m−3) or salt solutions (Na2 SO4, 1 mol m−3) was examined under laboratory conditions. Cation leaching (as percentage of the total water soluble ion content of the tissue per hour) was: K+: 0.01‐0.02%; Mg2+: 0.005‐0.01%; Ca2+: 0.1‐0.2%. Leaching rates of anions were even lower than that and concentrations in the leachate were often below the detection limit of anion chromatography. Spraying with H2SO4 (pH 2.95, 1 mol m−3) increased leaching only transiently. Similar effects were found when Na2SO4 was used instead of H2SO4. The transiently enhanced leaching was apparently due to H+/cation or cation/cation exchange at the twig or leaf surfaces. Feeding of K+ or Al3+ through the stems increased leaching of all cations within a few hours, again demonstrating rapid ion exchange in the apoplast. Leaching of potassium and magnesium from single needles occurred at similar relative rates as from twigs. Loss of Ca2+ ions, however, was even smaller from needles than from twigs. Apparently, a large part of the Ca2+ lost from twigs originated from the bark and not from the needles. Efflux of ions from longitudinal needle sections was about 1000 times taster than the rates obtained with intact needles, indicating that the cuticle was the main barrier Preventing solute loss. In relation to the total amount of mineral nutrients in trees, leaching is considered to be too small to be the primary cause of damage to trees stressed by acid rain, as has been suggested in the literature.

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Zellulärer Nachweis einiger Elemente in den Feinwurzeln gesunder und erkrankter Tannen (Abies alba Mill.) und Fichten (Picea abies [L.] Karst.)

Cited by 46 publications

References 17 publications

Microbeam analysis of Ca exchange and uptake in the fine roots of spruce: influence of pH and aluminum

Microbeam analysis of Ca exchange and uptake in the fine roots of spruce: influence of pH and aluminum

Element content in tissues of spruce seedlings from hydroponic cultures simulating acidification and deacidification

Leaching of solutes by the action of acidic rain: a comparison of efflux from twigs and single needles of Picea abies (L. Karst.)

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