Zeno and the Beginning of Stoicism

Erskine, Andrew

doi:10.2307/25528359

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Its founder Zeno, 'the philosopher of Citium', was born in the late 330s BC. He taught in the colonnade in Athens known as the Stoa Poikile or 'Painted Stoa' from which the term derives (Erskine, 2000). Little contemporary evidence of Zeno's writings remains.…”

Section: The Origins Of Stoicismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Little contemporary evidence of Zeno’s writings remains. While the main tenets of stoicism are well known today, it is not possible to know whether these same tenets were also held by Zeno, and if so, how he argued for them (Erskine, 2000). Despite this, it is taken that the two most important elements of Stoic philosophy were Reason ( logos ) and Nature ( physis ), evident in the Stoic emphasis on emotional constraint and acting in harmony with nature.…”

Section: The Origins Of Stoicismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Troubling stoicism: Sociocultural influences and applications to health and illness behaviour

et al. 2012

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In light of the ambiguity of meanings attributed to the concept of stoicism we critically explore its use as a label to explain and describe health and illness behaviour, juxtaposing the often negative portrayals of contemporary stoicism against its classical and philosophical origins. By reflecting critically on the term 'stoicism', its application and dimensionality, we show how the term has evolved from classical to contemporary times in relation to changing context, and explore different understandings of the term across medical and health literature. We attend to sociocultural factors that are seen to influence the conceptualization of stoicism such as generational influences, gender and geographies. We make the assertion that by applying the label of 'stoicism' as it is known today, there is a danger of too readily accepting a term that masks particular health behaviours while missing an array of sociological factors that are important to how people deal with adversity arising from chronic health problems. We therefore encourage further questioning of this term.

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Section: The Origins Of Stoicismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Origins Of Stoicismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Troubling stoicism: Sociocultural influences and applications to health and illness behaviour

et al. 2012

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“…-260 B.C.) advocated, among other premises, keeping calm in situations of difficulty, and acceptance of adversity without complaint (Addis & Mahalik, 2003;Erskine, 2000). In its classical interpretation, the concept asserted that personal indifference in light of the pain-pleasure binomial, as well as strict control of the emotional, as the best way to achieve happiness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric properties of Liverpool Stoicism Scale (LSS) in a cohort of patients with resected cancer in adjuvant treatment

Calderón¹,

Ferrando²,

Lorenzo‐Seva³

et al. 2017

AN PSICOL-SPAIN

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Título: Propiedades psicométricas de la Liverpool Stoicism Scale (LSS) en una cohorte de pacientes con cáncer resecado en tratamiento adyuvante. Resumen: El estoicismo se ha utilizado para describir una amplia gama de comportamientos frente a la enfermedad que van desde el silencio a la resistencia a la adversidad. Este estudio tiene dos objetivos: 1) analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión española del LSS; 2) evaluar la relación entre estoicismo, género, edad y el modelo de los cinco grandes factores de personalidad. NEOcoping es un estudio prospectivo, multicéntri-co, observacional, no-intervencionista. Los pacientes fueron reclutados consecutivamente en 13 hospitales universitarios de España. Se aplicó la Liverpool Stoicism Scale (LSS) y el Big Five Inventory (BFI-10). Participaron 443 pacientes (250 mujeres) con una edad media de 59,8 años (SD =12,3). El cáncer de colon y mama fueron los más frecuentes. A nivel de escala total, la puntuación media de la LSS fue inferior a la muestra Británica. La estructura propuesta en cuatro factores proporciona un buen ajuste a los datos, y las puntuaciones en las escalas derivadas presentan fiabilidades aceptables. El rasgo de personalidad de introversión fue capaz de predecir el 4,1% de la variancia de estoicismo (p<,001). Aunque debe ser mejorada, la LSS presenta globalmente unas propiedades psicométricas aceptables para evaluar el estoicismo en pacientes españoles con cáncer resecado. Palabras clave: Actitud; estoicismo; cáncer; estudio psicométrico; personalidad; afrontamiento.Abstract: Stoicism has been used to describe a wide range of behaviors in the face of disease that go from silence, resistance to the adversity, or 'to make the best of a bad disease'. This study pursued two objectives: 1) analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the LSS; 2) assess the relation between stoicism and gender, age, and the five-factor personality model. NEOcoping is a prospective, multicenter, observational, non-interventionist study. Patients were recruited consecutively at thirteen Spanish teaching hospitals. The following scales were administered: Liverpool Stoicism Scale (LSS) and Big Five Inventory (BFI-10). A total of 443 patients (250 females) with a mean age of 59.8 years (SD =12.3) were enrolled. Colon cancer was the most common, followed by breast cancer. At the total-scale level, mean LSS was lower than the originally reported British sample. The four-factor structure fitted the data well, had a clear interpretation, and the derived scales showed acceptable reliabilities. The personality trait of introversion predicted 4.1% of the variance of stoicism (p<.001). Even though it needs to be improved, the LSS scale demonstrates acceptable psychometric properties to appraise stoicism in the Spanish population with resected cancer.

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“…The final section of this paper concerns the role of stoicism in culture and the expression of pain. Stoicism is usually described as reluctance to verbally express pain or distress [75] and is commonly linked to culture. The philosophical origins of stoicism date back to ancient Greece, where emotional constraint and fortitude were often promoted as positive qualities of character and strength [76].…”

Section: Stoicism and Coping With Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culture, Ageing and the Construction of Pain

Lane

Smith

2018

Geriatrics

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In this paper, the authors seek to discuss some of the complexities involved in cross-cultural working in relation to the communication and management of pain in older people. Specifically, the paper addresses the culture construction of ageing and how pain is often constructed as a natural part of ageing. The authors also suggest that with the rise of the ideology of active-ageing, many older people who are disabled or living in chronic pain, may feel a moral imperative to hide pain and ill-health. The discussion extends into looking at the impact of culture and the communication of pain, including specific idioms of distress, somaticize and the lay-management of pain through stoicism. The literature utilised in this paper was based on a thematic review, exploring the cultural dimensions of health, illness and pain in old age. The review also drew on the authors’ previous publications, as well as their extensive community research experience working with ethnic minority communities.

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Zeno and the Beginning of Stoicism

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Troubling stoicism: Sociocultural influences and applications to health and illness behaviour

Troubling stoicism: Sociocultural influences and applications to health and illness behaviour

Psychometric properties of Liverpool Stoicism Scale (LSS) in a cohort of patients with resected cancer in adjuvant treatment

Culture, Ageing and the Construction of Pain

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