Zeolite clinoptilolite as a dietary supplement and remedy for honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies

Gajger, Ivana Tlak; Ribarić, Jasna; Matak, Marina; Svečnjak, Lidija; Kozarić, Zvonimir; Nejedli, Srebrenka; Skerl, Ivana Maja Smodis

doi:10.17221/8584-vetmed

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…It is, however, noteworthy, that one single initial application may induce a prolonged beneficial effect in ischemia/reperfusion injuries in rat colitis (Duzel et al., ). Nevertheless, considering the chances of approval of this drug for apicultural use in the EU, these findings seem to be favorable with respect to several other alternative products that have been evaluated as possible treatments to control nosemosis in field conditions, for example preparations with the herbal basis (Bekesi, Szalai Matray, Harka, Hegedus, & Albert, ; Chioveanu, Ionescu, & Mardare, ; Maistrello et al., ; Nanetti, ; Tlak Gajger et al., ; Tlak Gajger, Vugrek, Pinter, & Petrinec, ; Tlak Gajger, Petrinec, Pinter, & Kozarić, ), mineral compounds (Tlak Gajger et al., ) or animal lysozymes and essential oils extracted from Vetiveria zizanioides (Maistrello et al., ), with varying effects which were similar or less effective in comparison with BPC 157.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, as suggested (Duzel et al, 2017), BPC 157 is present in the most body tissues where can catch reactive free radicals and inactivate them on crucial positions where other antioxidants cannot reach . Gajger et al, 2015) or animal lysozymes and essential oils extracted from Vetiveria zizanioides (Maistrello et al, 2008), with varying effects which were similar or less effective in comparison with BPC 157.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in honeybee (Apis mellifera) therapy, to control Nosema ceranae invasions in apiary conditions

Gajger

Ribarić²,

Skerl

et al. 2018

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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Nosema ceranae can cause major problems, such as immune suppression, gut epithelial cell degeneration, reduced honeybee lifespan, or suddenly colony collapse. As a novel approach in therapy, we hypothesize the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in honeybee therapy, to control N. ceranae invasions in apiary conditions: BPC 157 treated sugar syrup (0.25 L sugar syrup supplemented with 0.1 μg/ml BPC 157), as well as the pure sugar syrup (0.25 L sugar syrup; control), was administered to honeybee colonies in feeders situated under the roof of the hives, during 21 consecutive days, at the end of beekeeping season. The strength of honeybee colonies was increased 20 and 30 days after initial feeding with BPC 157 supplement (Day 1, 36.100 ± 698; Day 20, 64.860 ± 468; Day 30, 53.214 ± 312 estimated number of honeybees), in field conditions. The similar successful outcome occurs with the N. ceranae spore loads counted in the homogenates of sampled adult honeybees (Day 1, 6.286 ± 2.336; Day 20, 3.753 ± 1.835; Day 30, 2.005 ± 1.534 million spores/bee). Accordingly, with the noted increased strength of the colonies fed with sugar syrup supplemented with BPC 157, the number of N. ceranae spores per honeybee gradually decreased as well. Besides, honeybees infected with N. ceranae fed with sugar syrup exhibited severe damage of midgut wall layers and epithelial cells. By contrast, in honeybees infected with N. ceranae fed with sugar syrup supplemented with BPC 157, all damages were markedly attenuated, damages of the outer muscular coat, in particular. In conclusion, the results of the first field trial on diseased honeybee colonies with BPC 157 indicate significant therapeutic effects with the used oral therapy with BPC 157 supplementation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in honeybee (Apis mellifera) therapy, to control Nosema ceranae invasions in apiary conditions

Gajger

Ribarić²,

Skerl

et al. 2018

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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“…More recently, zeolite CPL was tested as a feed supplement for the treatment of infected honeybee colonies in order to be evaluated as a potential alternative to antimicrobials (53). The objective assessment of various natural or synthetic substances (8,54) as potential alternatives to in-feed AGP in food animals must impact positively on their health and performance, and on their products in order to be fully accepted by producers, consumers and to be environmental friendly.…”

Section: Food Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zeolite clinoptilolite nanoporous feed additive for animals of veterinary importance: potentials and limitations

et al. 2017

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I n the past two decades many substances of natural or synthetic origin were studied as potential alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) and some of them, particularly immunomodulators (IMs) and nutraceuticals (NCs), have shown to be capable of stimulating functions of the immune system and improving general health. At the same time, they were shown to be harmless for animals and the environment. Promising results have been obtained with natural clay minerals, zeolites among which clinoptilolite (CPL) is the best known as zootechnical and biomedical feed ingredient widely reported in scientific literature and used in farm animal nutrition. CPL has a potential to replace AGP due to its unique anti-bacterial properties, safety and efficacy as dietary supplement in food animals unifying potentials of an IM and NC. Currently, there INTRODUCTIONT he phrase "survival of the fittest" as an alternative to "natural selection" has been adopted and published in 1868 by Charles Darwin (1), and nowadays is becoming so true because of the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistant strains of pathogenic microbes of biomedical, particularly veterinary importance. This is a consequence of non-clinical use and misuse of dietary antibiotics for more than sixty years to prevent bacterial infections and to enhance performance in livestock production, mostly in chickens and pigs (2). Namely, the increased sanitary problems in intensive farming of food animals have been overcome thus far by adding sub-therapeutic doses of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) infeed to enhance production efficiency by increasing growth rate, improv- ing feed utilization and reducing mortality from clinical disease is well documented particularly in swine production systems (3). However, the consumers especially in developed countries are becoming increasingly concerned about drug residues in meat and other animal products (4). In addition, it has been suggested that the continuous use of antibiotics may contribute to a reservoir of drugresistant bacteria (5) which may be capable of transferring their resistance to pathogenic bacteria in both animals and humans (6). As a result, many countries have banned or are banning the inclusion of antibiotics in diets as a routine means of growth promotion. The first experience of an AGP ban in Sweden in 1986 indicated a reduction in growth and an increase in morbidity and mortality rates in weaned pigs, which emphasized the importance of antibiotic use in intensive swine production(7). The total ban of dietary AGP in the EU countries since January 1, 2006 (EU Regulation No. 1831 and the elimination of their use in animal feed and water in the USA effective January 1, 2017 (FDA, CVM 2012, VFD Basics 2017) has had a serious influence on both health and performance of food animals underlining the need to develop alternative dietary and non-dietary strategies to evaluate the potential antimicrobial agents for their replacement (8). According to the World Health Organization, most antibiotics will not ...

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“…The zeolite clinoptilolite is well-known for its powerful antioxidant activity as a dietary supplement in bees infected with N. ceranae . Using clinoptilolite has resulted in significant therapeutic effects on honey bees that are naturally infected with N. ceranae , without affecting bee physiology [ 80 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Herbal Supplements NOZEMAT HERB® and NOZEMAT HERB PLUS®: An Alternative Therapy for N. ceranae Infection and Its Effects on Honey Bee Strength and Production Traits

2021

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Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) are the most effective pollinators for different crops and wild flowering plants, thus maintaining numerous ecosystems in the world. However, honey bee colonies often suffer from stress or even death due to various pests and diseases. Among the latter, nosemosis is considered to be one of the most common diseases, causing serious damage to beekeeping every year. Here, we present, for the first time, the effects from the application of the herbal supplements NOZEMAT HERB® (NH) and NOZEMAT HERB PLUS® (NHP) for treating N. ceranae infection and positively influencing the general development of honey bee colonies. To achieve this, in autumn 2019, 45 colonies were selected based on the presence of N. ceranae infections. The treatment was carried out for 11 months (August 2019–June 2020). All colonies were sampled pre- and post-treatment for the presence of N. ceranae by means of light microscopy and PCR analysis. The honey bee colonies’ performance and health were evaluated pre- and post-treatment. The obtained results have shown that both supplements have exhibited statistically significant biological activity against N. ceranae in infected apiaries. Considerable enhancement in the strength of honey bee colonies and the amount of sealed workers was observed just one month after the application of NH and NHP. Although the mechanisms of action of NH and NHP against N. ceranae infection are yet to be completely elucidated, our results suggest a new holistic approach as an alternative therapy to control nosemosis and to improve honey bee colonies’ performance and health.

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Zeolite clinoptilolite as a dietary supplement and remedy for honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in honeybee (Apis mellifera) therapy, to control Nosema ceranae invasions in apiary conditions

Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in honeybee (Apis mellifera) therapy, to control Nosema ceranae invasions in apiary conditions

Zeolite clinoptilolite nanoporous feed additive for animals of veterinary importance: potentials and limitations

The Herbal Supplements NOZEMAT HERB® and NOZEMAT HERB PLUS®: An Alternative Therapy for N. ceranae Infection and Its Effects on Honey Bee Strength and Production Traits

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