Zeolites and zeolite-based materials in extraction and microextraction techniques

Abstract

This review presents an overview of the current status of zeolites and zeolite-based materials used in extraction and microextraction techniques with reference to recent applications and highlight some of the novel advances.

A modified zeolite/iron oxide composite as a sorbent for magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction for the preconcentration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in water and urine samples

“…Some works describe magnetic materials used as sorbent, such as magnetic melamine-formaldehyde resin [31], modified magnetic nanoparticles [32,33], magnetic graphene composite [34,35], magnetic sporopollenincyanopropyltriethoxysilane [36], and magnetic metal organic framework [9], for determination of NSAIDs in environmental and biological samples. However, to our knowledge there are no reported methods based on MDSPE using zeolites modified with magnetic nanoparticles as sorbent for preconcentration of NSAIDs [37].…”

“…The presence of Al atoms into the structure makes the framework negatively charged due to the difference between the (AlO4) 5and (SiO4) 4tetrahedral. This negative charge is compensated by extraframework cations (e.g., alkaline and alkaline earth) [37][38][39][40]. These materials possess unique and fascinating properties such as high surface area, high adsorption capacity and molecular selectivity, chemical and thermal stability, ion-exchange capacity, low cost extraction and synthesis.…”

“…Several publications have reported the use of cationic surfactant modified zeolites to determine organic compounds [42][43][44][45]. However, to our knowledge there are no published methods with analytical purposes to extract NSAIDs by magnetic zeolites modified with cationic surfactants [37].…”

Materials for Solid-Phase Extraction of Organic Compounds

“…For instance, zeolite NaY modified with polyaniline through in-situ oxidative polymerization was prepared to be applied for the preconcentration of multi-class pesticides using dSPE in environmental and fruit samples, with recoveries of the target compounds ranging between 64-128% [107]. Zeolite in the form of networks is a subclass of MOF (see Section 3.4), and other zeolites used in sorptive extraction techniques can be found in specific reviews [71,108].…”

Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes and β‐cyclodextrin for magnetic solid‐phase extraction of carbaryl and carbofuran

“…In the process of complex sample analysis, due to matrix effects, sample preparation is the necessary technique for extracting or enriching trace compounds in aqueous or solid samples [6]. The preconcentrated process converts the analyte into a form suitable for detection or isolation, conducing to eliminate potential interferences [7]. In comparison with traditional treatment methods of extraction for carbaryl and carbofuran, for example, LLE [8], MAE [9], and solid–liquid extraction [10], SPE [11–12] as the most common sample preparation method has some advantages of easy operation, high preconcentration factors, and low usage of organic solvents.…”