Zeolites as Carriers of Antitumor Ribonuclease Binase

Abstract

Natural and synthetic zeolites have many applications in biomedicine and nutrition. Due to its properties, zeolites can absorb therapeutically active proteins and release them under physiological conditions. In this study we tested the clinoptilolite, chabazite, and natrolite ability to be loaded by antitumor ribonuclease binase and the cytotoxicity of the obtained complexes. We found the optimal conditions for binase loading into zeolites and established the dynamic of its release. Cytotoxic effects of zeolite-binase complexes toward colorectal cancer Caco2 cells were characterized after 24 and 48 h of incubation with cells using MTT-test. Zeolites were toxic by itselfs and reduced cells viability by 30% (clinoptilolite), 40% (chabazite), and 70% (natrolite) after 48 h of incubation. Binase complexes with clinoptilolite as well as chabazite always demonstrated enhanced toxicity (up to 57 and 60% for clinoptilolite and chabazite, respectively) in comparison with binase and zeolites separately. Our results contribute to the perspective development of binase-based complexes for therapy of colorectal cancer for or the treatment of malignant skin neoplasms where the complexes can be used in pasty form.

Effects of Zeolite as a Drug Delivery System on Cancer Therapy: A Systematic Review

“…The articles also employed a variety of both ZIFs and natural/synthetic zeolites ( Table 1 ). Of the 53 articles included in this study, 36 studies utilized ZIFs [ 22 , 25 , 30 , 32 , 37 , 38 , 40 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 47 , 48 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 64 , 66 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 ], 9 studies utilized faujasite (FAU) [ 16 , 50 , 62 , 64 , 67 , 68 , 75 , 82 , 83 ], 5 studies utilized Zeolite A/Linde Type A (LTA) [ 14 , 49 , 63 , 68 , 82 ], and 3 studies utilized clinoptilolite [ 53 , 8...…”

“…Other natural zeolites that have been investigated are clinoptilolite, chabazite, and natrolite, which possess inherent cytotoxic properties and can reduce colorectal cancer Caco2 cell viability by 30, 40, and 60%, respectively. The toxicity of clinoptilolite and chabazite can be enhanced to 57 and 60%, respectively, with the binding and subsequent release of binase [ 84 ]. Clinoptilolite has also been modified with quercetin and quercetin dihydrate, both pharmaceutically active flavonoids.…”

Green Catalysts in the Synthesis of Biopolymers and Biomaterials

“…Khojaewa et al. also developed a zeolite‐based drug delivery system for cancer therapy [40] . For this purpose, the authors loaded the clinoptilolite, chabazite.…”

“…[39] Khojaewa et al also developed a zeolite-based drug delivery system for cancer therapy. [40] For this purpose, the authors loaded the clinoptilolite, chabazite. and natrolite zeolites with the binase (a small cationic guanyl-preferring ribonuclease RNase) from Bacillus pumilus with 100 and 300 μg.mL À 1 whose concentration was measured using absorption spectrophotometry at 280 nm and evaluated the cytotoxicity of the complexes obtained for Caco-2 cells.…”

Clinoptilolite Microparticles as Carriers of Catechin-Rich Acacia catechu Extracts: Microencapsulation and In Vitro Release Study

“…In this respect, the possible encapsulation of ions and drug molecules in the alumosilicate open framework, and their subsequent controlled release, are among the most valuable pharmacological applications of zeolite type materials [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”