Zeolites—from kitchen to space

Ghobarkar, H.; Schäf, O.; Guth, U.

doi:10.1016/s0079-6786(00)00002-9

Cited by 114 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The presence of trivalent Al atoms in the framework results in an anionic framework, which is neutralised by the extra framework cations such as sodium (Na + ), calcium (Ca 2+ ) and magnesium (Mg 2+ ) [31]. Heavy metal cations in solution can be exchanged for these extra framework cations via ion exchange mechanism, which is, in certain cases, found to be the primary mechanism of heavy metal sorption employed by zeolite [32][33][34].…”

Section: Structure Of Zeolitementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Physical and Chemical Parameters on the Treatment of Heavy Metals in Polluted Stormwater Using Zeolite—A Review

Ziyath¹,

Mahbub²,

Goonetilleke³

et al. 2011

JWARP

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Zeolite-based technology can provide a cost effective solution for stormwater treatment for the removal of toxic heavy metals under increasing demand of safe water from alternative sources. This paper reviews the currently available knowledge relating to the effect of properties of zeolites such as pore size, surface area and Si:Al ratio and the physico-chemical conditions of the system such as pH, temperature, initial metal concentration and zeolite concentration on heavy metal removal performance. The primary aims are, to consolidate available knowledge and identify knowledge gaps. It was established that an in-depth understanding of operational issues such as, diffusion of metal ions into the zeolite pore structure, pore clogging, zeolite surface coverage by particulates in stormwater as well as the effect of pH on stormwater quality in the presence of zeolites is essential for developing a zeolite-based technology for the treatment of polluted stormwater. The optimum zeolite concentration to treat typical volumes of stormwater and initial heavy metal concentrations in stormwater should also be considered as operational issues in this regard. Additionally, leaching of aluminium and sodium ions from the zeolite structure to solution were identified as key issues requiring further research in the effort to develop cost effective solutions for the removal of heavy metals from stormwater.

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Section: Structure Of Zeolitementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Physical and Chemical Parameters on the Treatment of Heavy Metals in Polluted Stormwater Using Zeolite—A Review

Ziyath¹,

Mahbub²,

Goonetilleke³

et al. 2011

JWARP

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“…Moreover, the pores of zeolites have uniform sizes comparable to molecular dimensions introducing molecular sieve functions. ZSM-5 is one the most studied zeolites due to its application in many fields like separation of gases or liquids [3,4], synthesis of fine chemicals [5,6], the one-step phenol production [5,7,8], in space research [9], and essentially as a solid acid catalyst [10][11][12]. In order to extend the catalytic applications, the new synthesis routes of ZSM-5 with controlled morphology, pore architecture and surface acidity are warranted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolite in fluoride media: an innovative approach to tailor both crystal size and acidity

Louis

Kiwi‐Minsker

2004

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials

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ZSM-5 zeolites were prepared at neutral pH by fluoride-mediated synthesis. The degree of crystallinity, the specific surface area and the crystal size are higher than those of the zeolites prepared under alkaline conditions. Moreover, by varying the F/Si ratio from 0.3 to 1.6, the H-[F]-ZSM-5 zeolites with crystal size ranging from 10 to 75 lm and the specific surface areas from 60 up to 350 m 2 /g were obtained.Temperature programmed desorption of pyridine was applied to characterize the zeolite acidity. A decrease of the number of Brö nsted acid sites with a higher F/Si ratio in the starting synthesis solution was observed. Based on the Hammett acidity function H 0 , a model has been developed to correlate the Brö nsted acidity of the resulting zeolitic material with the amount of fluoride anions introduced. Thus, ZSM-5 zeolites with tailored properties both at the molecular and microscopic levels are obtained.

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“…This molecular sieve has an MFI-type structure which promotes the wide use of ZSM-5 zeolite such as for processes involving petrochemicals and fluid catalytic cracking (Grace 1980), separation of gases or liquids (van Bekkum et al 1994), synthesis of fine chemicals (Corma and Garcia, 1997;Hlderich et al 1991), in space research (Ghobarkar et al 1999), as solid acid catalyst (Chen 2001;Corma 1995;Mota et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite using extracted silica from rice husk without adding any alumina source

2014

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The synthesis of analcime and nanosized ZSM-5 zeolites was carried out by a hydrothermal method with silica extracted from rice husk, available as an inexpensive local biowaste, and without the use of an extra alumina source. Amorphous silica (with 88 wt% of SiO 2 ) was extracted from rice husk ash by a suitable alkali solution. The effects of crystallization temperature, time and SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 ratio of the initial system on the properties of final products were investigated. For the characterization of the synthesized product, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray techniques, Fourier transform infrared and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method were applied. Crystallinity percentages of analcime and nanosized ZSM-5 were 95.86 and 89.56, respectively, with specific surface area of 353.5 m 2 g -1 for ZSM-5. The experimental results revealed that the synthesis of analcime and nanosized ZSM-5 zeolites was more practical with using silica extracted from inexpensive raw materials, while the whole crystallization process was accomplished without adding any alumina source during.

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Zeolites—from kitchen to space

Cited by 114 publications

References 36 publications

Influence of Physical and Chemical Parameters on the Treatment of Heavy Metals in Polluted Stormwater Using Zeolite—A Review

Influence of Physical and Chemical Parameters on the Treatment of Heavy Metals in Polluted Stormwater Using Zeolite—A Review

Synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolite in fluoride media: an innovative approach to tailor both crystal size and acidity

Synthesis of nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite using extracted silica from rice husk without adding any alumina source

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