Zeolites in Hydrothermally Altered Rocks

Utada, Minoru

doi:10.2138/rmg.2001.45.10

Cited by 48 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…3B, 3C, and 5) is consistent with Reed Rocks having erupted in the mid-to late Pleistocene into saline-alkaline waters. Chabazite forms most stably in saline-alkaline (pH 9-10) water in lake environments and in cavities of mafic rocks as a result of hydrothermal fluids (Kristmannsdóttir and Tómasson, 1978;Chipera and Apps, 2001;Utada, 2001). The formation of chabazite is also most stable in the low-temperature regime below 100 °C (Chipera and Apps, 2001).…”

Section: Formation Of Chabazite (Zeolites)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Candidate microbial ichnofossils in continental basaltic tuffs of central Oregon, USA: Expanding the record of endolithic microborings

Nikitczuk

Schmidt

Flemming

2016

Geological Society of America Bulletin

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The presence of potential microbial trace fossils (endolithic microborings) has been well documented in oceanic basaltic pillow lavas, hyaloclastites, tuffs, and transitional subglacial marine lavas in the past 30 yr. De spite their evident abundance in oceanic to subglacial environments, they have not been observed in continental basalts that were not erupted in marine or subglacial settings. To expand the record of putative endolithic micro borings in volcanic rocks to non marine, continental lacustrine environments, we ex amined hydrovolcanic pyroclastic deposits in the Fort Rock volcanic field, central Oregon. This study presents the textures, mineralogy, and geochemistry of basaltic tuffs containing possible endolithic microborings com para ble in morphology, size, and distribution to those described in earlier oceanic and sub glacial basalt studies. We observed a variety of tubu lar and granular textures that show evidence of biogenic morphologies and be havior, and a primary geological context that expresses their age and syngenicity. Petro graphic relationships with secondary phases (chabazite, nontronite, calcite) indicate that the construction of microtunnels occurred in saline, alkaline fluids at temperatures of 25-80 °C. In addition, positive correlations were observed between the extent of aqueous (abiotic) alteration and both the abundance of microtunnels and morphological type. These correlations suggest that microtunnels were more readily formed where there was greater abiotic alterationfluid flux and that the resulting change in chemical composition of those fluids may have had a direct influ ence on the formation process or possibly the type of constructing microbe. This work adds to understanding of factors controlling micro tunnel formation and is the first ac count of putative endolithic microborings in a continental lacustrine setting. This new in formation may also have implications in the search for habitable extraterrestrial environ ments, such as on Mars.

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Section: Formation Of Chabazite (Zeolites)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Candidate microbial ichnofossils in continental basaltic tuffs of central Oregon, USA: Expanding the record of endolithic microborings

Nikitczuk

Schmidt

Flemming

2016

Geological Society of America Bulletin

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“…Natural zeolites usually occur as secondary minerals in several geological environments in the Earth's crust. An overview of the occurrence of zeolites in sedimentary rocks is found in Hay and Sheppard (2001), in ''closed'' and ''open'' hydrological systems by Langella et al (2001) and Sheppard and Hay (2001), respectively, in burial diagenesis and low-grade metamorphic rocks by Utada (2001a) and in hydrothermally altered rocks by Utada (2001b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zeolites at high pressure: A review

2014

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This is a review of the elastic behaviour and pressure (P)-induced structural evolution of zeolites and presents a comparative analysis of the deformation mechanisms of the Si/Al-framework and the rearrangement of the extra-framework species in response to applied pressure. The interaction between P-transmitting fluids and zeolites, which can lead to phenomena such as 'P-induced over-hydration', is described. The comparative elastic analysis and the high-P structural data of zeolites reported so far allow us to make some generalizations: (1) The range of compressibility among this class of openframework silicates is large, with bulk moduli ranging between 15 and 70 GPa; (2) Microporosity does not necessarily imply high compressibility, as several zeolites are less compressible than other nonzeolitic rock-forming minerals; (3) Compressibilities of zeolites do not seem to be directly related to microporosity, at least if we model microporosity with the 'framework density'; (4) The flexibility observed in zeolites under hydrostatic compression is mainly governed by tilting of rigid tetrahedra around O atoms that behave as hinges within the framework. Pressure-induced tilting commonly leads to continuous rearrangement of the framework without any phase transition. More rarely, tilting induces displacive phase transitions and isothermal P-induced reconstructive phase transitions (i.e. with change in framework topology), have not been reported in this class of materials; (5) Deformation mechanisms in response to applied pressure are generally dictated by the topological configuration of the framework rather than the Si/Al-distribution or the extra-framework content. The channel content governs the compressibility of the cavities, leading to different unit-cell-volume compressibilities in isotypic structures.

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“…In contrast to Adatara‐derived grey deposits, stilbite and mordenite (zeolite) are found in the Bm and Bs deposits. These minerals indicate a low‐grade and low‐temperature alteration and alkaline environment (Cipera & Apps, ; Utada, ). Previous studies (Iijima & Utada, ; Utada, ) documented the occurrence of these minerals in northern Honshu, from the Neogene Green Tuff and Kuroko ore regions with inferred temperatures of ca 50 to 90°C and/or <120 to 150°C for mordenite, and even lower for stilbite.…”

Section: Eruptive Styles and Lahar Trigger Revealed By Event Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From sink to volcanic source: Unravelling missing terrestrial eruption records by characterization and high‐resolution chronology of lacustrine volcanic density flow deposits, Lake Inawashiro‐ko, Fukushima, Japan

Kataoka

Nagahashi

2019

Sedimentology

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Eruption records in the terrestrial stratigraphy are often incomplete due to erosion after tephra deposition, limited exposure and lack of precise dating owing to discontinuity of strata. A lake system and sequence adjacent to active volcanoes can record various volcanic events such as explosive eruptions and subaqueous density flows being extensions of eruption triggered and secondary triggered lahars. A lacustrine environment can constrain precise ages of such events because of constant and continuous background sedimentation. A total of 71 subaqueous density flow deposits in a 28 m long core from Lake Inawashiro-ko reveals missing terrestrial volcanic activity at Adatara and Bandai volcanoes during the past 50 kyr. Sedimentary facies, colour, grain size, petrography, clay mineralogy, micro X-ray fluorescence analysis and chemistry of included glass shards characterize the flow event deposits and clarify their origin: (i) clay-rich grey hyperpycnites, extended from subaerial cohesive lahars at Adatara volcano, with sulphide/sulphate minerals and high sulphur content which point to a source from hydrothermally altered material ejected by phreatic eruptions; and (ii) clay-rich brown density flow deposits, induced by magmatic hydrothermal eruptions and associated edifice collapse at Bandai volcano, with the common presence of fresh juvenile glass shards and low-grade hydrothermally altered minerals; whereas (iii) non-volcanic turbidites are limited to the oldest large slope failure and the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake events. The high-resolution chronology of volcanic activity during the last 50 kyr expressed by lacustrine event deposits shows that phreatic eruption frequency at Adatara has roughly tripled and explosive eruptions at Bandai have increased by ca 50%. These results challenge hikers, ski-fields and downstream communities to re-evaluate the increased volcanic risks from more frequent eruptions and far-reaching lahars, and demonstrate the utility of lahar and lacustrine volcanic density flow deposits to unravel missing terrestrial eruption records, otherwise the recurrence rate may be underestimated at many volcanoes.

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Zeolites in Hydrothermally Altered Rocks

Cited by 48 publications

References 48 publications

Candidate microbial ichnofossils in continental basaltic tuffs of central Oregon, USA: Expanding the record of endolithic microborings

Candidate microbial ichnofossils in continental basaltic tuffs of central Oregon, USA: Expanding the record of endolithic microborings

Zeolites at high pressure: A review

From sink to volcanic source: Unravelling missing terrestrial eruption records by characterization and high‐resolution chronology of lacustrine volcanic density flow deposits, Lake Inawashiro‐ko, Fukushima, Japan

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