Zero modes of fermions trapped by giant vortices

Abstract

Zero-energy solutions of the Dirac equation for the fermions bound to giant vortices of large winding number n are studied in the abelian Higgs and Chern-Simons Higgs models. The case of Jackiw-Rossi theory of the Majorana states in topological superconductors is discussed in detail. By expanding in inverse powers of n we find an analytic result for asymptotically all n solutions required by the index theorem. In the abelian Higgs model the zero modes fill the vortex core and reveal a universal structure independent of fine details of the gauge and scalar field interactions which, in particular, determines the general properties of the large-n superconducting cosmic strings. On the contrary, for the Chern-Simons Higgs vortices the zero modes are localized on the core boundary and the explicit solution is obtained for the supersymmetric couplings in a self-dual background.

BCS-BEC crossover of atomic Fermi superfluid in a spherical bubble trap

“…We mentioned that there have been discussions of Dirac fermions inside a scalar vortex [46][47][48], where it was suggested that for a MQV with vorticity ν, the Dirac fermions will support ν zero modes. By viewing the pairing gap ∆ as a dynamically generated scalar field, our results provide another example connecting the topological indices of MQVs with interesting states of fermions inside their cores.…”