Zero pollution protocol for the recovery of cellulose from municipal sewage sludge

Ragi, Kishore Babu; Ekka, Basanti; Mežule, Linda

doi:10.1016/j.biteb.2022.101222

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 97 publications

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“…PET was the major polymer in all the samples, mainly due to extensive application in synthetic clothing and food packaging [37]. Cellulose has b used widely in industries such as mechanical engineering and biopharmaceutical [38] dicating a wastewater source from these industries in WWTP-A. Cellophane has been c firmed to be generated from washing activities, suggesting a domestic source [39].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastics and Endocrine Disruptors in Typical Wastewater Treatment Plants in Megacity Shanghai

Tong,

Xie,

et al. 2024

Toxics

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The fast development of China’s urbanization has led to a notable release of emerging pollutants, including microplastics (MPs) and endocrine disruptors (EDCs). Generally, these pollutants enter the coastal environment through the discharge of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and finally threaten the organisms in the receiving waterbody. The study investigated the environmental behavior of MPs and EDCs in two typical WWTPs in one of the megacities in China, Shanghai. The abundance of MPs in the influent ranged from 321 to 976 items/L. Four shapes (films, fragments, fibers, and microbead) were found, while fibers and films dominated. Transparent (31–63%) and white (20–47%) MPs were more frequently observed, while polyethylene terephthalate, cellulose, and cellophane were the main polymetric materials. The size of the MPs fell between 15.8 μm and 2220 μm, and the smaller one (<500 μm) dominated. The removal efficiencies of the two WWTPs for MPs ranged from 64% to 92%, and both WWTPs performed better for large pieces of MPs (>500 μm). For EDCs, total concentrations in the influent were detected, ranging from 113 to 2780 ng/L. Two groups, including phenolic estrogens (PEs) and steroid estrogens (SEs), were detected, and PEs, especially bisphenol A (BPA), were the predominant individuals among the studied EDCs. Specifically, PEs ranged from 82.8 to 2637 ng/L, while SEs ranged from 27.3 to 143 ng/L. The removal efficiencies of the WWTPs for EDCs varied (82.8–100%) as well, possibly due to the different treatment compartments and contamination load in the influent. Seasonal variations for both MPs and EDCs were observed. Specifically, concentrations of MPs and EDCs in WWTPs influent were higher in the wet season, as well as the removal efficiency. Furthermore, there was a correlation observed between the concentrations of MPs and EDCs, suggesting that MPs and EDCs may originate from the same source and that EDCs released by MPs cannot be ignored during treatment. Finally, the study evaluated the environmental risk of the effluents. MPs led to a minor risk (Level I), while EDCs might lead to an adverse impact on algae (RQs = 0.0014–0.024) and fish (RQs = 3.4–30.2). In summary, WWTPs received considerable amounts of MPs and EDCs. Although the WWTPs removed the contaminants efficiently, the environmental risk of the effluent needs to be noted.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastics and Endocrine Disruptors in Typical Wastewater Treatment Plants in Megacity Shanghai

Tong,

Xie,

et al. 2024

Toxics

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Innovations in Pretreatment of Sewage Sludge

Dawen,

Nabi

2024

Springer Water

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Sewage sludge management and enhanced energy recovery using anaerobic digestion: an insight

Pratap,

Kumar,

Yadav

2024

Water Science &Amp; Technology

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Sewage sludge (SS) is a potential source of bioenergy, yet its management is a global concern. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is applied to effectively valorize SS by reclaiming energy in the form of methane. However, the complex floc structure of SS hinders hydrolysis during AD process, thus resulting in lower process efficiency. To overcome the rate-limiting hydrolysis, various pre-treatment methods have been developed to enhance AD efficiency. This review aims to provide insights into recent advancements in pre-treatment technologies, including mechanical, chemical, thermal, and biological methods. Each technology was critically evaluated and compared, and its relative worth was summarized based on full-scale applicability, along with economic benefits, AD performance improvements, and impact on digested sludge. The paper illuminates the readers about existing research gaps, and the future research needed for successful implementation of these approaches at full scale.

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Zero pollution protocol for the recovery of cellulose from municipal sewage sludge

Cited by 3 publications

References 97 publications

Microplastics and Endocrine Disruptors in Typical Wastewater Treatment Plants in Megacity Shanghai

Microplastics and Endocrine Disruptors in Typical Wastewater Treatment Plants in Megacity Shanghai

Innovations in Pretreatment of Sewage Sludge

Sewage sludge management and enhanced energy recovery using anaerobic digestion: an insight

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