“…In electromechanical solenoids (EMS), also called electromagnetic devices (EMD), driven by a control solenoid, the armature is positioned by balancing the electromagnetic force against that of a return spring. They are relatively an inexpensive construction [1], have a simple design and control circuit, require little energy for control, are highly reliable [2], these electromagnetic actuators are used in wide range of modern industrial equipment such as digital actuator arrays [3], vehicle vibration control systems [4], gas valve [5], robotic manipulators [6], positioners [7], anti-braking systems [8], and polarization controllers where solenoids are used as mechanical actuator on the fiber to adjust the output light power [9]. In hydraulic systems, these electromagnetic actuators are commonly used in three basic categories to actuate hydraulic control valves directional-Journal homepage: http://ijece.iaescore.com Ì ISSN: 2088-8708 control, flow-control, and pressure-control.…”