Zerumbone Protects Rats from Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Inhibiting Oxidative Outbursts and Inflammatory Cytokine Levels

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immunocompromised disorder characterized by a marked increase in the synthesis of inflammatory molecules that stimulates the destruction of bones and cartilage. The conventional treatment modalities for RA are associated with adverse side effects and lack sensitivity, suggesting an immediate demand for alternate beneficial therapeutic remedies. The current study sought to understand more about zerumbone's anti-inflammatory properties in diagnosing collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in experimental animals. The current study observed that zerumbone reduced clinical severity in CIA-induced animals compared to healthy animals. Zerumbone administration significantly decreased (p < 0.001) the concentration of SOD, CAT, GR, and GSH in treatment groups. Zerumbone administration drove down significantly (p < 0.001) the concentration of inflammatory cytokine molecules. Zerumbone was effective in bringing significant changes in levels of MPO, NO, LDH, MMP-8, and ELA. The therapeutic potential of zerumbone was found to be associated with reduced joint destruction and restored normal histology in the cartilage and tissue. Adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity studies were used to determine the druglike properties of zerumbone. ProTox-II studies revealed that zerumbone did not possess toxic properties like hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and cytotoxicity. Therefore, the present study evaluated the therapeutic properties of zerumbone in CIA animal models.

Mechanistic insights into anti‐inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of plant secondary metabolites and their therapeutic potential for rheumatoid arthritis

“…Similarly, zerumbone inhibited the secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as IL‐6, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β in animal serum. According to the findings of this study, zerumbone exhibited anti‐RA properties by modulating the release of cytokines and oxidative stress (Alsaffar et al, 2023). Zerumbone is a good drug candidate for developing into an effective and safe therapeutic agent for inflammatory and mediated immune disorders such as RA due to its anti‐RA properties and strong anti‐inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects in in vitro and in vivo studies.…”

Network Pharmacology Integrated Molecular Docking and Dynamics to Elucidate Saffron Compounds Targeting Human COX-2 Protein

“…Therefore, we move towards naturally occurring herbal drugs as they act as precursors of various synthetic drugs to cure different diseases including inflammatory disease [17][18][19]. Plant secondary metabolites also regulate various biological activities like cancer, antibacterial, inflammation, anti-viral, migration, proliferation, and cell death [20][21][22][23]. Many natural products (culinary mushrooms, flavonoids, terpenoids, hyperforin, phenols, and alkaloids) have already been discovered that inhibit COX-2 expression/activity and exhibit fewer side effects [24][25][26].…”