Zika virus disease-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome—Barranquilla, Colombia 2015–2016

Salinas, Jorge; Walteros, Diana Marcela; Styczynski, Ashley; Garzón, Flavio; Quijada, Hernán; Bravo, Elsa; Chaparro, Pablo; Madero, Javier; Acosta‐Reyes, Jorge; Ledermann, Jeremy P.; Arteta, Zuleima; Borland, Erin M.; Burns, Paul; González, Maribel Castellano; Powers, Ann M.; Mercado, Marcela; Solano, Alma; Sejvar, James J.; Ospina, Martha

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2017.09.001

Cited by 48 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We reviewed 135 full-text articles, of which 31 were eligible for inclusion ( Fig 1). Of the 31 studies, 28 reported countryspecific GBS rates from 13 LAC countries (Tables 1 & 2), 3 regional rates, [18,35,36] 15 background rates [18,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48], 11 rates during an arboviral outbreak [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59], and 5 compared rates before and during an outbreak [27,[60][61][62][63]. Many studies presented data from Brazil (29%) and Colombia (16%), and the majority (68%) were published in 2015 or later.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) in Latin America and the Caribbean Before and During the 2015-2016 Zika Virus Epidemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2019

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BackgroundA severe neurological disorder, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is the leading cause of acute flaccid paralysis. Enhanced surveillance of GBS in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) following the 2015-2016 Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic presents an opportunity to estimate, for the first time, the regional incidence of GBS. Methods and findingsFor this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched nine scientific databases and grey literature from January 1, 1980 to October 1, 2018. Sources with primary data on incident GBS cases in LAC within a well-defined population and timeframe, published in English, Spanish, Portuguese, or French, were included. We calculated the annual GBS incidence rates (IRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each source based on published data. Following an assessment of heterogeneity, we used random-effects meta-analysis to calculate the pooled annual IR of GBS. The study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42018086659. Of the 6568 initial citation hits, 31 were eligible for inclusion. Background annual GBS IRs in Latin America ranged from 0.40 in Brazil to 2.12/100,000 in Chile. The pooled annual IR in the Caribbean was 1.64 (95% CI 1.29-2.12, I 2 <0.01, p = 0.44). During the ZIKV epidemic, GBS IRs ranged from 0.62 in Mexico to 9.35/100,000 in Martinique. GBS increased 2.6 (95% CI 2.3-2.9) times during ZIKV and 1.9 (95% CI 1.1-3.4) times during chikungunya outbreaks over background rates. ConclusionsBackground IRs of GBS appear to peak during arboviral disease outbreaks. The current review contributes to an understanding of the epidemiology of GBS in the LAC region, which can inform healthcare system planning and preparedness, particularly during arboviral epidemics. Trial registrationRegistered with PROSPERO: CRD42018086659. Author summaryA severe neurological disorder, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is the leading cause of acute flaccid paralysis. This is the first systematic review on GBS incidence in Latin America and the Caribbean before and during arboviral disease outbreaks. There is a large subregional and annual fluctuation in the incidence of GBS. Background annual GBS incidence rates (IRs) in Latin America ranged from 0.40 in Brazil to 2.12/100,000 in Chile. The pooled annual IR in the Caribbean was 1.64 (95% CI 1.29-2.12, I 2 <0.01, p = 0.44). During the ZIKV epidemic, GBS IRs ranged from 0.62 in Mexico to 9.35/100,000 in Martinique. GBS increased 2.6 times during ZIKV and 1.9 times during chikungunya outbreaks over background rates. GBS is a costly disease, which can result in long-term disability and high mortality rates in resource constrained healthcare settings. Because GBS can be triggered by arboviral infections, baseline incidence of GBS is critical for detecting neglected tropical disease outbreaks. The current review contributes to an understanding of the epidemiology of GBS in the LAC region, which can inform healthcare system planning and preparedness.Incidence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome in LAC and arboviral disease outbreaks PLOS Neglected Tropic...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) in Latin America and the Caribbean Before and During the 2015-2016 Zika Virus Epidemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2019

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“…ZIKV infection during pregnancy has been linked many developmental and neurological abnormalities [12][13][14][15], and in adults Guillain-Barré syndrome is a consequence of ZIKV infection [16][17][18][19]. Although RNA-seq studies showed transcriptional dysregulation of genes associated with cell-cycle, DNA repair, immune response, cell death and microcephaly [21,22,25,26,65,66], these transcriptional changes were less dramatic between the African and Asian ZIKV strains [67].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date there are no antivirals or a licensed vaccine to prevent ZIKV infection. Therefore, to develop effective therapies and thus limit the dreadful symptoms associated with ZIKV infection it is critical to understand viral-host interactions and ZIKV pathogenesis.The striking feature of the recent ZIKV outbreak in the America's was the correlation between intrauterine ZIKV infection and the devastating consequences to fetal brain development resulting in microcephaly, cortical malformations and intracranial calcifications [12][13][14][15] and the increased number of cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults [16][17][18][19]. As a first step to elucidating ZIKVdirected mechanisms resulting in neurological anomalies in vitro, ex vivo, primary cells and in vivo mouse infection studies were undertaken.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Asian Zika virus isolate significantly changes the transcriptional profile and alternative RNA splicing events in a neuroblastoma cell line

Bonenfant

Meng

Shotwell

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs expands a single genetic blueprint to encode multiple functionally diverse protein isoforms. Viruses have previously been shown to interact with, depend on, and alter host splicing machinery. The consequences however incited by viral infection on the global alternative slicing (AS) landscape are under appreciated. Here we investigated the transcriptional and alternative splicing profile of neuronal cells infected with a contemporary Puerto Rican Zika virus (ZIKV PR ) isolate, the prototypical Ugandan ZIKV (ZIKV MR ) isolate and dengue virus 2 (DENV2). Our analyses revealed that ZIKV PR induced significantly more differential changes in expressed genes compared to ZIKV MR or DENV2, despite all three viruses showing equivalent infectivity and viral RNA levels. Consistent with the transcriptional profile, ZIKV PR induced a higher number of alternative splicing events compared to ZIKV MR or DENV2, and gene ontology analyses highlighted alternative splicing changes in genes associated with mRNA splicing. All three viruses modulated alternative splicing with ZIKV PR having the largest impact on splicing. ZIKV alteration of the transcriptomic landscape during infection caused changes in cellular RNA homeostasis, which might dysregulate neurodevelopment and function leading to neuropathologies such as microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with the ZIKV infection. IntroductionZika virus (ZIKV) is a re-emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus that is classified within the Flaviviridae family. Other notable flaviviruses include Dengue virus (DENV), Yellow Fever virus (YFV), West Nile virus (WNV) and Tick-borne encephalitis virus, all of which are primarily transmitted via the bite of an infected mosquito or tick [1]. Flavivirus infections rarely result in death and common symptoms include maculopapular rash, fever, and achy joints [2]. Until the early 2000s, only 13 confirmed ZIKV infections in humans were reported [3-6]. The first major outbreak of ZIKV occurred in 2007 on Yap Island [7], followed by a 2010 outbreak in Cambodia [8], and an outbreak in French Polynesia in 2013 which resulted in more than 29,000 human infections [9]. This Asian lineage of ZIKV expanded west and in 2015 efforts were redirected towards understanding the link between ZIKV infection and the associated neurological pathologies that are now termed Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) [10,11]. To date there are no antivirals or a licensed vaccine to prevent ZIKV infection. Therefore, to develop effective therapies and thus limit the dreadful symptoms associated with ZIKV infection it is critical to understand viral-host interactions and ZIKV pathogenesis.The striking feature of the recent ZIKV outbreak in the America's was the correlation between intrauterine ZIKV infection and the devastating consequences to fetal brain development resulting in microcephaly, cortical malformations and intracranial calcifications [12][13][14][15] and the increased number of cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults [16][17][18][...

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“…The dramatic increase in the incidence of microcephaly concomitant with the ZIKV epidemic in Brazil alerted the scientific community to a potential causal association, leading the Brazilian Ministry of Health to declare the ZIKV epidemic to be a "national public health emergency"; and then, the World Health Organization (WHO) to declarate it to be a "public health emergency of international concern" (Albuquerque et al 2018). Retrospective observational studies reinforced the suspicion of a causal of ZIKV infection with microcephaly Brasil et al 2016;Cauchemez et al 2016), and with non-congenital neuroinflammatory diseases, such GBS, encephalitis and myelitis (Cao-Lormeau et al 2016;Parra et al 2016;Styczynski et al 2017;Salinas et al 2017;Mehta et al 2018). Several reports where instrumental in establishing the association between ZIKV and microcephaly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothetical Human Immune Genome Complex Gradient May Help to Explain the Congenital Zika Symdrome Catastrophe in Brazil: A New Theory

Oliveira

Bresani-Salvi

Morais

et al. 2020

Preprint

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There are few data considering human genetics as an important risk factor for birth abnormalities related to ZIKV infection during pregnancy, even though sub-Saharan African populations are apparently more resistant to CZS as compared to populations in the Americas.We hypothesized that single nucleotide variants (SNVs), especially in innate immune genes, could make some populations more susceptible to Zika congenital complications than others.Differences in the SNV frequencies among continental populations provide great potential for Machine Learning techniques. We explored a key immune genomic gradient between individuals from Africa, Asia and Latin America, working with complex signatures, using 297SNVs. We employed a two-step approach. In the first step, decision trees (DTs) were used to extract the most discriminating SNVs among populations. In the second step, machine learning algorithms were used to evaluate the quality of the SNV pool identified in step one for discriminating between individuals from sub-Saharan African and Latin-American populations.Our results suggest that 10 SNVs from 10 genes (CLEC4M, CD58, OAS2, CD80, VEPH1, CTLA4, CD274, CD209, PLAAT4, CREB3L1) were able to discriminate sub-Saharan Africans from Latin American populations using only immune genome data, with an accuracy close to 100%.Moreover, we found that these SNVs form a genome gradient across the three main continental populations. These SNVs are important elements of the innate immune system and in the response against viruses. Our data support the Human Immune Genome Complex Gradient hypothesis as a new theory that may help to explain the CZS catastrophe in Brazil.

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Zika virus disease-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome—Barranquilla, Colombia 2015–2016

Cited by 48 publications

References 20 publications

Incidence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) in Latin America and the Caribbean Before and During the 2015-2016 Zika Virus Epidemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Incidence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) in Latin America and the Caribbean Before and During the 2015-2016 Zika Virus Epidemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Asian Zika virus isolate significantly changes the transcriptional profile and alternative RNA splicing events in a neuroblastoma cell line

Hypothetical Human Immune Genome Complex Gradient May Help to Explain the Congenital Zika Symdrome Catastrophe in Brazil: A New Theory

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