Zimeldine: A review of its effects on ethanol consumption

Amit, Zalman; Sutherland, E. Ann; Gill, Kathryn; Ögren, Sven Ove

doi:10.1016/0149-7634(84)90019-8

Cited by 102 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…Because humans self-administer alcohol orally, it is necessary that an animal model also involve the voluntary, oral consumption of alcohol (Amit, Sutherland, Gill, & Ogren, 1984). As Li, Lumeng, McBride, and Waller (1981) have pointed out, all of the conditions in the pathogenesis of alcoholism, whatever they may be (tolerence, alcohol metabolic rate, physical dependence, etc.…”

Section: Bars Indicate Semmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taste Reactivity in Alcohol Preferring and Nonpreferring Rats

Bice

Kiefer

1990

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Taste reactivity tests were used to examine the orofacial responses of alcohol preferring (P) rats and alcohol nonpreferring (NP) rats to the taste of alcohol. In the initial exposure, naive rats were tested for reactivity to five concentrations of alcohol (5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% v/v), water, and one solution each of sucrose and quinine. A two‐bottle consumption test was then given for a 3‐week period to allow the rats access to 10% alcohol. After the preference test, a second taste reactivity test was done using the same solutions as in the initial reactivity test. The results indicated no significant differences in taste reactivity between P rats and NP rats on the initial exposure, except that NP rats made significantly more mouth movements. During the two‐bottle tests, consumption of alcohol by P rats was consistently higher than that of NP rats across all test days. On the second taste reactivity test, P rats showed an increase in the number of ingestive responses and a decrease in the number of aversive responses to alcohol. NP rats' taste reactivity to alcohol remained unchanged from Exposure 1 to Exposure 2. P rats' and NP rats' responses to sucrose and quinine did not change from Exposure 1 to Exposure 2. It was concluded that there were no innate taste response differences between P and NP rats to alcohol but that following alcohol experience, P rats showed a significant increase in ingestive responses and a concomitant decrease in aversive responses to the taste of alcohol. These data suggest that the taste of alcohol becomes more palatable to P rats after alcohol experience, a factor that may be important in the maintenance of continued high alcohol consumption by P rats.

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Section: Bars Indicate Semmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taste Reactivity in Alcohol Preferring and Nonpreferring Rats

Bice

Kiefer

1990

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…It has been reported, however, that zimelidine and other inhibitors of serotonin reup take can reduce oral intake of ethanol in rats preferring ethanol over water [Rockman et al, 1979[Rockman et al, , 1982Amit et al, 1984], Zimelidine has also recently been reported to facilitate memory retrieval in mice in an experimen tal test similar to that used in the present study [Allman et al, 1984], Altman and his colleagues trained mice in a passive avoidance task with a relatively mild shock. They found that when the mice were injected with 40 or 60 mg/kg of zimelidine before the second trial, they showed increased latencies to enter the com partment in which they had previously received electric shock, an effect which was interpreted as a drug-in duced facilitation of memory retrieval and thus consis tent with a role for serotonin in memory processes [Ogren, 1982], Archer et al [1984], however, found that, in rats, zimelidine disrupted acquisition of 2-way avoidance but had little effect on the acquisition of a 1-way avoidance response and no effect on fear condi tioning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Among the effects observed with zimelidine it has been reported that it antagonises some, but not all, of the behavioural actions of ethanol. Amit and his colleagues [Amit et al, 1984;Rockman et al, 1979Rockman et al, . 1982 have reported that zimelidine and other inhibitors of serotonin reuptake can interfere with the reinforcing properties of ethanol in rats drinking ethanol solutions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Zimelidine Does Not Antagonise the Effects of Alcohol or Diazepam on the Acquisition of Conditioned Fear in Mice

Sanger¹,

Joly²

1986

Neuropsychobiology

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Recent work has suggested that, in man, the specific inhibitor of serotonin reuptake, zimelidine, can block the effects of ethanol on memory processes without affecting psychomotor performance decrements produced by ethanol. The present study was carried out to investigate whether a similar interaction between ethanol and zimelidine could be observed in mice. Using a 2-trial conditioned fear test known to be sensitive to the effects of benzodiazepines and similar drugs, it was found that ethanol, administered before the first trial, produced a dose-related disruption of fear conditioning as shown on the second trial. In a second experiment several doses of zimelidine were administered at the same time as a dose of either ethanol or diazepam. No evidence was obtained for a zimelidine-induced antagonism of the effects of either ethanol or diazepam.

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“…The hypothetical in terrelation of 5-HT and alcohol-induced am nesia has been suggested by both the pattern of cognitive loss and electroencephalography [95]. A positive trend for fluvoxamineinduced word recognition improvement was observed, albeit with no significant ethanol interaction [42], In an experiment with 9 patients, fluvoxamine (200 mg/day) was given over 4 weeks in a double-blind cross over design [96]. Fluvoxamine improved episodic memory in 6 patients with alcoholic amnesia but did not in 3 patients with alco hol-associated dementia.…”

Section: Pharmacologic Treatment Of Alcoholism With Serotoninergic Prmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…A number of amine precursors also have been associated with a similar effect, including parenteral trypto phan [34,35] and 5-hydroxytryptophan [34,[36][37][38][39]. 5-HT manipulation is not limited to precursor augmentation; 5-HT reuptake blockers such as zimelidine [7,40], norzimelidine, citalopram and alaproclate [41], fluoxetine [34,42], fluvoxamine [43], indalpine [8], and viqualine [37] all have uni formly diminished ethanol preferences. Last, postsynaptic activation via MK 212 or quipazine has also been reported to be effective in a free-choice water paradigm [34,40].…”

Section: Ethanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonin and Alcohol: Interrelationships

Tollefson

1989

Psychopathology

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Alcoholism is a multifaceted medicosocial problem. Recent literature discusses a common dyad, alcoholism and anxiety. Both disorders are interdigitated with the brain amine serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). Direct 5-HT activation reportedly attenuates alcohol consumption, whereas depletion enhances use patterns. Acute alcohol consumption has also been associated with a transient rise, albeit eventual diminished 5-HT turnover. A variety of 5-HT models have confirmed this observation, e.g., reduced platelet 5-HT content, uptake, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. Such altered characteristics of 5-HT secondary to chronic alcohol use may explain the frequent morbidity of anxiety and/or depression. Acute alcohol consumption is also associated with accumulation of the 5-HT aldehyde derivative 5-hydroxymethtryptoline. Thus, alcohol may induce the in vivo formation of aldehydes, e.g., beta-carbolines, that themselves possess high lipophilicity and psychotropic activity. Future investigation into 5-HT-specific pharmacologic probes in alcoholism will be interesting. Preliminary research has consistently demonstrated that 5-HT-enhancing agents (e.g., zimelidine or fluvoxamine) decrease alcohol consumption, preference, and short-term memory decrements. Thus, 5-HT appears to represent at least one common denominator for a spectrum of behavioral disorders including anxiety and alcoholism.

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Zimeldine: A review of its effects on ethanol consumption

Cited by 102 publications

References 134 publications

Taste Reactivity in Alcohol Preferring and Nonpreferring Rats

Taste Reactivity in Alcohol Preferring and Nonpreferring Rats

Zimelidine Does Not Antagonise the Effects of Alcohol or Diazepam on the Acquisition of Conditioned Fear in Mice

Serotonin and Alcohol: Interrelationships

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