Zinc contamination decreases the bacterial diversity of agricultural soil

Moffett, Bruce F.; Nicholson, F. A.; Uwakwe, Nnanna C.; Chambers, B. J.; Harris, J. Arthur; Hill, Tom

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2003.tb01041.x

Cited by 144 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…This response has been observed for microbial diversity in aerobic soils contaminated by metals (Smit et al, 1997;Bååth et al, 1998b;Sandaa et al, 1999b;Moffett et al, 2003). In addition, some studies suggest that in soil environments changes to microbial community structure can be detected without apparent changes in microbial biomass or activity when communities are exposed to low levels of metal contamination (Frostegård et al, 1996;Bååth et al, 1998a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Microbial community structures in anoxic freshwater lake sediment along a metal contamination gradient

Gough

Stahl

2010

The ISME Journal

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Contamination, such as by heavy metals, has frequently been implicated in altering microbial community structure. However, this association has not been extensively studied for anaerobic communities, or in freshwater lake sediments. We investigated microbial community structure in the metal-contaminated anoxic sediments of a eutrophic lake that were impacted over the course of 80 years by nearby zinc-smelting activities. Microbial community structure was inferred for bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic populations by evaluating terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) patterns in near-surface sediments collected in triplicate from five areas of the lake that had differing levels of metal contamination. The majority of the fragments in the bacterial and eukaryotic profiles showed no evidence of variation in association with metal contamination levels, and diversity revealed by these profiles remained consistent even as metal concentrations varied from 3000 to 27 000 mg kg À1 total Zn, 0.125 to 11.2 lM pore water Zn and 0.023 to 5.40 lM pore water As. Although most archaeal fragments also showed no evidence of variation, the prevalence of a fragment associated with mesophilic Crenarchaeota showed significant positive correlation with total Zn concentrations. This Crenarchaeota fragment dominated the archaeal TRFLP profiles, representing between 35% and 79% of the total measured peak areas. Lake DePue 16S rRNA gene sequences corresponding to this TRFLP fragment clustered with anaerobic and soil mesophilic Crenarchaeota sequences. Although Crenarchaeota have been associated with metal-contaminated groundwater and soils, this is a first report (to our knowledge) documenting potential increased prevalence of Crenarchaeota associated with elevated levels of metal contamination.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Microbial community structures in anoxic freshwater lake sediment along a metal contamination gradient

Gough

Stahl

2010

The ISME Journal

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“…3.3.4). The choice of enzyme is crucial and has been assessed systematically (Moyer et al, 1996).The patterns are then sorted on the basis of the number and size of fragments into operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and representatives from each group sequenced (Moffett et al, 2003;Ahern et al, 2007). ARDRA is fairly labour intensive but relatively inexpensive and combined with targeted sequencing provides the identity of the dominant members of a community…”

Section: Amplified Ribosomal Dna Restriction Analysis (Ardra)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiology and atmospheric processes: biological, physical and chemical characterization of aerosol particles

et al. 2009

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Abstract. The interest in bioaerosols has traditionally been linked to health hazards for humans, animals and plants. However, several components of bioaerosols exhibit physical properties of great significance for cloud processes, such as ice nucleation and cloud condensation. To gain a better understanding of their influence on climate, it is therefore important to determine the composition, concentration, seasonal fluctuation, regional diversity and evolution of bioaerosols. In this paper, we will review briefly the existing techniques for detection, quantification, physical and chemical analysis of biological particles, attempting to bridge physical, chemical and biological methods for analysis of biological particles and integrate them with aerosol sampling techniques. We will also explore some emerging spectroscopy techniques for bulk and single-particle analysis that have potential for in-situ physical and chemical analysis. Lastly, we will outline open questions and further desired capabilities (e.g., in-situ, sensitive, both broad and selective, on-line, time-resolved, rapid, versatile, cost-effective techniques) required prior to comprehensive understanding of chemical and physical characterization of bioaerosols.

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“…Thus, there may be substantial variability in community responses to metal exposure between locations. As non-cultivation-based methods have become available, researchers have begun examining the impact of metal exposure on the entire indigenous community (6,24,25,26) and have tried to address the impact of these exposures on community diversity (30) and resiliency (15).…”

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confidence: 99%

Soil Microbial Community Responses to Additions of Organic Carbon Substrates and Heavy Metals (Pb and Cr)

Nakatsu¹,

Carmosini

Baldwin³

et al. 2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

103

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Microcosm experiments were conducted with soils contaminated with heavy metals (Pb and Cr) and aromatic hydrocarbons to determine the effects of each upon microbial community structure and function. Organic substrates were added as a driving force for change in the microbial community. Glucose represented an energy source used by a broad variety of bacteria, whereas fewer soil species were expected to use xylene. The metal amendments were chosen to inhibit the acute rate of organic mineralization by either 50% or 90%, and lower mineralization rates persisted over the entire 31-day incubation period. Significant biomass increases were abolished when metals were added in addition to organic carbon. The addition of organic carbon alone had the most significant impact on community composition and led to the proliferation of a few dominant phylotypes, as detected by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. However, the community-wide effects of heavy metal addition differed between the two carbon sources. For glucose, either Pb or Cr produced large changes and replacement with new phylotypes. In contrast, many phylotypes selected by xylene treatment were retained when either metal was added. Members of the Actinomycetales were very prevalent in microcosms with xylene and Cr(VI); gene copy numbers of biphenyl dioxygenase and phenol hydroxylase (but not other oxygenases) were elevated in these microcosms, as determined by real-time PCR. Much lower metal concentrations were needed to inhibit the catabolism of xylene than of glucose. Cr(VI) appeared to be reduced during the 31-day incubations, but in the case of glucose there was substantial microbial activity when much of the Cr(VI) remained. In the case of xylene, this was less clear.The use and release of heavy metals to air, water, and soils has created a significant number of contaminated sites across the United States and the world. Thus, the effect of metal contamination on the microbial community has been extensively studied over the past several decades. The acute effects of short-term exposure to toxic heavy metals upon a broad array of microbial processes have been well documented (9,10,21,40,47). More recently, investigators have examined habitats exposed to anthropogenic or natural metal contamination over an extended period of time (5,20,22,24,39,45). Studies that focused on the culturable fraction of the microbial community indicated that as few as 10 to almost 100% of the bacteria in habitats contaminated for extended periods were metal resistant. Thus, there may be substantial variability in community responses to metal exposure between locations. As non-cultivation-based methods have become available, researchers have begun examining the impact of metal exposure on the entire indigenous community (6,24,25,26) and have tried to address the impact of these exposures on community diversity (30) and resiliency (15).A confounding factor in metal-contaminated sites is the frequent co-occurrence of organic contaminants. These or...

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Zinc contamination decreases the bacterial diversity of agricultural soil

Cited by 144 publications

References 36 publications

Microbial community structures in anoxic freshwater lake sediment along a metal contamination gradient

Microbial community structures in anoxic freshwater lake sediment along a metal contamination gradient

Microbiology and atmospheric processes: biological, physical and chemical characterization of aerosol particles

Soil Microbial Community Responses to Additions of Organic Carbon Substrates and Heavy Metals (Pb and Cr)

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