Zinc for the common cold

Hemilä, Harri

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd001364.pub3

Cited by 89 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Many have noted the potential for zinc lozenges to produce side effects, including bad taste and nausea. All reviews to date have concluded that, despite likelihood of efficacy, data are insufficient to make recommendations regarding dose, formulation and duration [64,65]. …”

Section: Zinc Supplements As Therapy In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Zinc Deficiency and Excess in Clinical Pediatric Practice

Krebs¹

2013

Ann Nutr Metab

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The critical importance of adequate zinc status to human health, including normal growth and development, is indisputable. The high prevalence of zinc deficiency on a global basis and its importance to public health have been well documented through large-scale randomized controlled zinc supplementation trials. Similar evidence in the clinical setting, however, is much less widely available due to the nonspecific features of zinc deficiency and to the lack of sensitive biomarkers to detect zinc deficiency, especially that of a mild degree of severity. The current understanding of zinc homeostasis indicates that the primary determinants of zinc absorption are the amount of zinc ingested and dietary phytate, the latter having a major effect on zinc bioavailability. In normal as well as in many pathologic conditions, the gastrointestinal tract is the major site of zinc losses resulting from secretion of endogenous zinc into the lumen and subsequent excretion in the feces. The amount excreted is dependent on host status, the amount reabsorbed, and sometimes the presence of pathophysiologic conditions, including diarrhea and steatorrhea. Assessment in the clinical setting dictates that the clinician obtain a careful medical and diet history, recognize clinical presentations in which zinc adequacy may be compromised, and link this risk with nonspecific but plausible manifestations of deficiency. Examples discussed in this article include primary zinc deficiency due to dietary inadequacy (older breastfed infants or toddlers without zinc-rich complementary foods); genetically based deficiency (acrodermatitis enteropathica, acquired zinc deficiency of lactogenic origin), and acquired secondary deficiency in low birth weight and prematurity, gastrointestinal and hepatic disease, and cystic fibrosis. Evidence for efficacy of zinc therapy with pharmacologic doses for two conditions, Wilson's disease and viral upper respiratory infections, is also discussed.

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Section: Zinc Supplements As Therapy In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Zinc Deficiency and Excess in Clinical Pediatric Practice

Krebs¹

2013

Ann Nutr Metab

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“…Por otro lado, en dos metanálisis, el de Singh, et al (13), y el de Aggarwal, et al (23), se encontró que el consumo de suplementos de zinc reducía la incidencia de infección respiratoria en forma significativa comparado con el placebo. Contrastada con la de nuestro estudio, la incidencia de infección respiratoria aguda también fue menor en los niños que consumieron algún tipo de zinc y se evidenció un riesgo menor de desarrollar dicha enfermedad (RR=0,45, IC 95% : 0,247 a 0,842, p=0,016).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Con respecto a la aceptación de los compuestos de zinc administrados por vía oral, estos se consideran seguros cuando se consumen en dosis fisiológicas, a pesar de que efectos secundarios como el sabor metálico, las náuseas y el vómito hayan sido descritos en la literatura (13,15,36,37), aunque con gran heterogeneidad entre los estudios en cuanto al tipo de compuesto de zinc suministrado, el tiempo de intervención y las dosis (37); tales efectos, sin embargo, no se han reportado como graves (20,24,38). Esto se corrobora en el presente estudio, en el cual ningún niño presentó efectos secundarios que requirieran tratamiento adjunto o la suspensión del consumo del complemento con zinc suministrado.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Dicha diferencia en la tolerancia digestiva puede deberse, como lo plantean Singh, et al (13), más que al zinc como tal, al tipo de vehículo utilizado; en el caso del presente estudio hubo más tolerancia al sulfato que al aminoquelado.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Respecto a la infección respiratoria aguda, varios metaanálisis han mostrado resultados contradictorios tanto en el tratamiento como en la prevención de la neumonía y del resfriado común con suplementos de zinc (10,(12)(13)(14) .…”

Section: Según El International Zinc Nutrition Consultativeunclassified

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Efecto del zinc aminoquelado y el sulfato de zinc en la incidencia de la infección respiratoria y la diarrea en niños preescolares de centros infantiles

Sánchez¹,

Villada²,

Rojas³

et al. 2013

biomedica

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Biomédica 2014;34:79-91 El zinc en la incidencia de la infección respiratoria y la diarrea Contribución de los autores:Juliana Sánchez y Oscar Villada: análisis estadístico, interpretación de los resultados y redacción del manuscrito. Liliana Patricia Montoya, Ana Milena Herrera, Maylen Liseth Rojas, Alejandro Díaz, Javier Chica y Cristian Vargas: análisis de los resultados. Todos los autores participaron en el diseño y ejecución del estudio, la revisión y la aprobación de la versión final del manuscrito Introducción. El déficit de zinc es común en niños de poblaciones en desarrollo. La deficiencia de zinc altera el sistema inmunológico y la resistencia a las infecciones. Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de dos compuestos de zinc en la prevención de la infección respiratoria y la diarrea agudas. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un ensayo comunitario triple ciego en 301 niños entre dos y cinco años de edad de centros infantiles de Medellín. Fueron seis conglomerados distribuidos aleatoriamente en tres grupos de intervención que recibieron zinc aminoquelado, sulfato de zinc y placebo durante cinco días de la semana a lo largo de 16 semanas. Se evaluaron diariamente los síntomas de infección respiratoria, diarrea aguda y efectos secundarios.Resultados. La incidencia de la infección respiratoria fue menor con el zinc aminoquelado (1,42 por 1.000 días-niño) comparado con el sulfato de zinc (1,57 por 1.000 días-niño) (RR=0,90, IC 95% : 0,382 a 2,153, p=0,999) y con el placebo (3,3 por 1.000 días-niño) (RR=0,43, IC 95% : 0,196 a 0,950, p=0,049). La incidencia de diarrea aguda con el zinc aminoquelado (0,15 por 1.000 días-niño) fue menor que con el sulfato de zinc (1,18 0,78 por 1.000 días-niño) (RR=0,20, IC 95% : 0,0043 a 1,662, p=0,361) y que la del grupo placebo (0,49 por 1.000 días-niño) (RR=0,32, IC 95% : 0,006 a 3,990, p=0,346). Conclusiones. El zinc aminoquelado tuvo mejor efecto en la disminución de la incidencia de la infección respiratoria y la diarrea agudas en niños preescolares comparado con los otros grupos de estudio. Effect of zinc amino acid chelate and zinc sulfate in the incidence of respiratory infection and diarrhea among preschool children in child daycare centers Introduction: Zinc deficiency is common in children among populations in developing areas. Zinc deficiency alters the immune system and the resistance to infections. Objective: To evaluate the effect of two zinc compounds in the prevention of acute respiratory infection and acute diarrhea. Materials and methods: Randomized triple-blind community trial with 301 children between 2-5 years of age from six child daycare centers in Medellin, Colombia. Children were distributed in three groups receiving zinc amino acid chelate, zinc sulfate and placebo five days a week for 16 weeks. Daily symptoms of respiratory infection, acute diarrhea and side effects were evaluated. Results: The incidence of respiratory infection was lower with zinc amino acid chelate (1.42 per 1,000 child-days) compared with placebo (3.3 per 1,000 child-days) (RR=0.43, ...

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Effect of Folic Acid and Zinc Supplementation in Men on Semen Quality and Live Birth Among Couples Undergoing Infertility Treatment

Schisterman

Sjaarda

Clemons

et al. 2020

JAMA

134

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IMPORTANCE Dietary supplements marketed for male fertility commonly contain folic acid and zinc based on limited prior evidence for improving semen quality. However, no large-scale trial has examined the efficacy of this therapy for improving semen quality or live birth.OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of daily folic acid and zinc supplementation on semen quality and live birth. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThe Folic Acid and Zinc Supplementation Trial was a multicenter randomized clinical trial. Couples (n = 2370; men aged Ն18 years and women aged 18-45 years) planning infertility treatment were enrolled at 4 US reproductive endocrinology and infertility care study centers between June 2013 and December 2017. The last 6-month study visit for semen collection occurred during August 2018, with chart abstraction of live birth and pregnancy information completed during April 2019.INTERVENTIONS Men were block randomized by study center and planned infertility treatment (in vitro fertilization, other treatment at a study site, and other treatment at an outside clinic) to receive either 5 mg of folic acid and 30 mg of elemental zinc (n = 1185) or placebo (n = 1185) daily for 6 months. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe co-primary outcomes were live birth (resulting from pregnancies occurring within 9 months of randomization) and semen quality parameters (sperm concentration, motility, morphology, volume, DNA fragmentation, and total motile sperm count) at 6 months after randomization. RESULTS Among 2370 men who were randomized (mean age, 33 years), 1773 (75%) attended the final 6-month study visit. Live birth outcomes were available for all couples, and 1629 men (69%) had semen available for analysis at 6 months after randomization. Live birth was not significantly different between treatment groups (404 [34%] in the folic acid and zinc group and 416 [35%] in the placebo group; risk difference, −0.9% [95% CI, −4.7% to 2.8%]). Most of the semen quality parameters (sperm concentration, motility, morphology, volume, and total motile sperm count) were not significantly different between treatment groups at 6 months after randomization. A statistically significant increase in DNA fragmentation was observed with folic acid and zinc supplementation (mean of 29.7% for percentage of DNA fragmentation in the folic acid and zinc group and 27.2% in the placebo group; mean difference, 2.4% [95% CI, 0.5% to 4.4%]). Gastrointestinal symptoms were more common with folic acid and zinc supplementation compared with placebo (abdominal discomfort or pain: 66 [6%] vs 40 [3%], respectively; nausea: 50 [4%] vs 24 [2%]; and vomiting: 32 [3%] vs 17 [1%]).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among a general population of couples seeking infertility treatment, the use of folic acid and zinc supplementation by male partners, compared with placebo, did not significantly improve semen quality or couples' live birth rates. These findings do not support the use of folic acid and zinc supplementation by male partners in the treatment of infertility.

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Zinc for the common cold

Cited by 89 publications

References 39 publications

Update on Zinc Deficiency and Excess in Clinical Pediatric Practice

Update on Zinc Deficiency and Excess in Clinical Pediatric Practice

Efecto del zinc aminoquelado y el sulfato de zinc en la incidencia de la infección respiratoria y la diarrea en niños preescolares de centros infantiles

Effect of Folic Acid and Zinc Supplementation in Men on Semen Quality and Live Birth Among Couples Undergoing Infertility Treatment

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