Zinc Fortification Decreases ZIP1 Gene Expression of Some Adolescent Females with Appropriate Plasma Zinc Levels

Mendez‐Estrada, Rosa Olivia; Santiago, Alejandra; Yépiz-Plascencia, Glória; Peregrino‐Uriarte, Alma B.; Barca, Ana María Calderón de la; Garcı́a, Hugo S.

doi:10.3390/nu6062229

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Moving forward, future research should further characterize the use of metallothionein as a biomarker of zinc status, such as whether metallothionein can be used in adolescents and children or individuals with disease. Although the authors did not determine metallothionein expression, one study not included in this systematic review examined ZnT1 and ZIP1 expression in leukocytes isolated from 12-to 16-y-old female patients (41). In agreement with Andree et al (24), the authors reported a decrease in ZIP1 with zinc supplementation; however, no change was observed in ZnT1 or plasma zinc concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Metallothionein and Zinc Transporter Expression in Circulating Human Blood Cells as Biomarkers of Zinc Status: a Systematic Review

Hennigar

Kelley

McClung

2016

Advances in Nutrition

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Zinc is an essential nutrient for humans; however, a sensitive biomarker to assess zinc status has not been identified. The objective of this systematic review was to compile and assess studies that determined zinc transporter and/or metallothionein expression in various blood cell types and to determine their reliability and sensitivity to changes in dietary zinc. Sixteen studies were identified that determined the expression of zrt-, irt-like protein (ZIP) 1 [solute carrier family (SLC) 39A1], ZIP3 (SLC39A3), ZIP5 (SLC39A5), ZIP6 (SLC39A6), ZIP7 (SLC39A7), ZIP8 (SLC39A8), ZIP10 (SLC39A10), ZIP14 (SLC39A14), zinc transporter (ZnT)1 (SLC30A1), ZnT2 (SLC30A2), ZnT4 (SLC30A4), ZnT5 (SLC30A5), ZnT6 (SLC30A6), ZnT7 (SLC30A7), ZnT9 (SLC30A9), and/or metallothionein in various blood cells isolated from healthy adult men and women in response to zinc supplementation or depletion. Cell types included leukocytes, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, T lymphocytes, monocytes, and erythrocytes. ZIP1, ZnT1, and metallothionein were the most commonly measured proteins. Changes in ZIP1 and ZnT1 in response to zinc supplementation or depletion were not consistent across studies. Leukocyte metallothionein decreased with zinc depletion (-39% change from baseline, <5 mg Zn/d, n = 2 studies) and increased with zinc supplementation in a dose-dependent manner (35%, 15-22 mg Zn/d, n = 7 studies; 267%, 50 mg Zn/d, n = 2 studies) and at the earliest time points measured; however, no change or delayed response was observed in metallothionein in erythrocytes. A greater percentage of studies demonstrated that metallothionein in leukocyte subtypes was a more reliable (100%, n = 12; 69%, n = 16) and responsive (92%, n = 12; 82%, n = 11) indicator of zinc exposure than was plasma zinc, respectively. In conclusion, current evidence indicates that metallothionein in leukocyte subtypes may be a component in determining zinc status.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Metallothionein and Zinc Transporter Expression in Circulating Human Blood Cells as Biomarkers of Zinc Status: a Systematic Review

Hennigar

Kelley

McClung

2016

Advances in Nutrition

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“…Zip1 is the major zinc apical transporter in the small intestine, 76 and it has been shown that increasing dietary zinc consumption leads to an increase of the expression of Zip1 in the small intestine. 79 ZnT1 has been observed to increase with rising zinc levels, this might be to avoid excessive accumulation of zinc in the cytosol by removing Zinc through the basolateral chamber of the small intestine. 80,81 We observed that ZnT1 was significantly upregulated for the medium and high doses in DMEM (Table 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retracted Article: ZnO nanoparticles affect intestinal function in anin vitromodel

2018

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Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP) may be present in food packaging, which would put consumers at risk of NP ingestion. There is little information on the amount of ZnO NP that are present in food packaging and the effects of ZnO exposure on intestinal function. To estimate physiologically relevant ZnO exposures, foods that are naturally low in zinc (Zn), but are commonly packaged with ZnO NP, such as tuna, corn, and asparagus, were analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). It was found that the Zn present in a serving of these foods is approximately one hundred times higher than the recommended dietary allowance. An in vitro model of the small intestine composed of Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cells was used to investigate the effects of ZnO NP exposure. Cells were exposed to physiologically realistic doses of pristine NP in culture medium and to NP subjected to an in vitro digestion to better reflect the transformation that the NP may undergo once they enter the human GI tract. Uptake and/or transport of iron (Fe), Zn, glucose, and fatty acids were assessed and intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) levels were measured before and after NP exposure. The findings show that there is a 75% decrease in Fe transport and a 30% decrease in glucose transport following ZnO NP exposure. These decreases were consistent with gene expression changes for their transporters. There is also evidence that the ZnO NP affect the microvilli of the intestinal cells, therefore reducing the amount of surface area available to absorb nutrients. These results suggest that the ingestion of physiologically relevant doses of ZnO NP can alter intestinal function in an in vitro model of the human small intestine.

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“…Consistent with this hypothesis, Zn supplementation led to a diminution of SCL39A1 transcriptional expression in primary cultures of adult rat ventricular myocytes [348]. Comparable results have been obtained in humans, with some female adolescent showing an increase in SLC39A1 mRNA expression in blood leucocytes following Zn supplementation with Zn-fortified milk for 27 days [349]. While an increase in SLC39A1 mRNA levels were not observed in all individuals from the treated group [349], comparable results have been obtained in humans by another group, demonstrating an increased ZIP1 mRNA expression in lymphocytes in an Australian elderly population supplemented with Zn [350].…”

Section: Zip1 (Slc39a1)supporting

confidence: 55%

“…Comparable results have been obtained in humans, with some female adolescent showing an increase in SLC39A1 mRNA expression in blood leucocytes following Zn supplementation with Zn-fortified milk for 27 days [349]. While an increase in SLC39A1 mRNA levels were not observed in all individuals from the treated group [349], comparable results have been obtained in humans by another group, demonstrating an increased ZIP1 mRNA expression in lymphocytes in an Australian elderly population supplemented with Zn [350]. Lastly, ZIP1 is associated with various cancers [351][352][353], including pancreatic [287] and prostate [354][355][356][357] cancer.…”

Section: Zip1 (Slc39a1)mentioning

confidence: 76%

Impact of Zinc Transport Mechanisms on Embryonic and Brain Development

Willekens

Runnels

2022

Nutrients

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The trace element zinc (Zn) binds to over ten percent of proteins in eukaryotic cells. Zn flexible chemistry allows it to regulate the activity of hundreds of enzymes and influence scores of metabolic processes in cells throughout the body. Deficiency of Zn in humans has a profound effect on development and in adults later in life, particularly in the brain, where Zn deficiency is linked to several neurological disorders. In this review, we will summarize the importance of Zn during development through a description of the outcomes of both genetic and early dietary Zn deficiency, focusing on the pathological consequences on the whole body and brain. The epidemiology and the symptomology of Zn deficiency in humans will be described, including the most studied inherited Zn deficiency disease, Acrodermatitis enteropathica. In addition, we will give an overview of the different forms and animal models of Zn deficiency, as well as the 24 Zn transporters, distributed into two families: the ZIPs and the ZnTs, which control the balance of Zn throughout the body. Lastly, we will describe the TRPM7 ion channel, which was recently shown to contribute to intestinal Zn absorption and has its own significant impact on early embryonic development.

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Zinc Fortification Decreases ZIP1 Gene Expression of Some Adolescent Females with Appropriate Plasma Zinc Levels

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Metallothionein and Zinc Transporter Expression in Circulating Human Blood Cells as Biomarkers of Zinc Status: a Systematic Review

Metallothionein and Zinc Transporter Expression in Circulating Human Blood Cells as Biomarkers of Zinc Status: a Systematic Review

Retracted Article: ZnO nanoparticles affect intestinal function in anin vitromodel

Impact of Zinc Transport Mechanisms on Embryonic and Brain Development

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