Zinc Nutritional Status in Korean Adults from Rural, Urban and Metropolitan Areas

Lee, Soo-Lim; Kwak, Eun-Hee; Yoon, Jin‐Sook; Kwon, Chong-Suk; Beattie, John; Kwun, In-Sook

doi:10.3746/jfn.2004.9.2.174

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Unfortunately, there are no reliable markers of zinc status, but previous studies have demonstrated that rural Koreans have significantly lower levels of plasma alkaline phosphatase, a zinc-dependent enzyme, than found in urban Koreans (Lee et al 2004). Plasma zinc levels were not significantly related to dietary zinc intake, whether expressed as mg Zn/d or as a ratio with phytate and/or calcium, and were similar to those reported previously for Korean adults (Paik et al 1999;Andree et al 2004;Lee et al 2004). Since it is highly likely that some of the subjects in the present study were zinc deficient and others were zinc adequate, the lack of responsiveness of plasma zinc to varying zinc status is consistent with the current consensus of opinion (Wood, 2000;Hambidge, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, phytate:Zn molar ratios were >15 in all but one locality, indicating low zinc absorption (Hotz et al 2003). Dietary zinc intake (mean intake of 7·0 and 6·5 mg Zn/d for males and females, respectively) was considerably lower than in metropolitan Korean localities (about 11 mg Zn/d; Kwun & Kwon, 2000; Lee et al 2004) and also in western countries such as the UK (mean intake of 10·2 and 7·4 mg Zn/d for males and females, respectively) (Henderson et al 2003). Phytic acid intake showed a very significant positive correlation with zinc intake because they both tend to be found in the same foods, particularly grain, soyabean and its products, all of which are common constituents of Korean diets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the basis of previous evaluations of dietary zinc intake and the impact of absorption inhibitors (Krebs, 2000;Lonnerdal, 2000), it seems likely that most of the subjects recruited for the present study were zinc deficient. Unfortunately, there are no reliable markers of zinc status, but previous studies have demonstrated that rural Koreans have significantly lower levels of plasma alkaline phosphatase, a zinc-dependent enzyme, than found in urban Koreans (Lee et al 2004). Plasma zinc levels were not significantly related to dietary zinc intake, whether expressed as mg Zn/d or as a ratio with phytate and/or calcium, and were similar to those reported previously for Korean adults (Paik et al 1999;Andree et al 2004;Lee et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Molar ratios of >20 for the phytate:Zn content and >200 for the phytate × Ca:Zn content of diets have been recognized as likely to induce zinc deficiency (Ruz et al 1991), and the diets of some population groups throughout the world exceed these threshold ratios. Indeed, mean values of 40 and 400 have been recorded for phytate:Zn and phytate × Ca:Zn ratios, respectively, in the diets of rural Koreans (Lee et al 2004). Plasma alkaline phosphatase levels in 176 volunteers at risk of zinc deficiency according to their zinc, phytate and calcium intakes, were found to be considerably lower than the reference range, although plasma zinc was not lower than the respective reference range.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mononuclear cell metallothionein mRNA levels in human subjects with poor zinc nutrition

Kwon

Kountouri²,

Mayer³

et al. 2007

Br J Nutr

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Human zinc deficiency is thought to be prevalent worldwide, particularly in populations with diets low in zinc and animal protein and high in inhibitors of zinc absorption, such as phytic acid. Confirmation of zinc deficiency is, however, difficult in the absence of a reliable and sensitive marker of zinc status. Under controlled conditions, T-lymphocyte metallothionein-2A (MT-2A) mRNA levels change in relation to zinc status and the objective of the present study was to investigate whether these transcript levels could be related to dietary zinc intake, plasma zinc or other biochemical parameters influenced by, or influencing, zinc metabolism in human subjects likely to be zinc deficient. Rural Koreans (n 110, age 50 -80 years) with a range of zinc and phytic acid dietary intake were recruited for the study and blood samples were analysed for plasma zinc, HDL, LDL, a-tocopherol and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, mononuclear cell (MNC) MT-2A mRNA, serum protein and albumin, and blood haematocrit, Hb and glucose. Multiple correlation and principal component analysis showed a significant negative correlation between plasma zinc and MNC MT-2A mRNA levels. Female subjects had higher MT-2A transcript levels than males and MT-2A mRNA levels tended to increase with age. There was no significant association between dietary zinc intake or any index of zinc intake relating to dietary inhibitors of zinc absorption. It is concluded that MNC MT-2A mRNA levels cannot be used to predict poor zinc nutrition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Mononuclear cell metallothionein mRNA levels in human subjects with poor zinc nutrition

Kwon

Kountouri²,

Mayer³

et al. 2007

Br J Nutr

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Association of serum and hair antioxidant minerals with an oxidative stress marker in relation with characteristics of healthy adults: a cross-sectional study

Kang,

Sung,

Baik

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Excess oxidative stress generated in the body causes various types of cellular damage, including DNA damage. Certain trace minerals act as antioxidants by functioning as cofactors for antioxidant enzymes. This study was conducted to evaluate the serum and hair concentrations of major antioxidant trace minerals (zinc, manganese, selenium, and chromium) and to determine the association between the oxidative stress marker urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and serum or hair antioxidant trace mineral concentrations, according to the general characteristics of healthy adults. Study participants were selected after screening, and 108 participants aged 19–69 years were finally included. Serum and hair trace mineral concentrations were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and urine 8-OHdG levels were quantified using an ELISA kit. Results showed that urinary 8-OHdG levels were significantly higher in exercisers than in those who did not exercise. Correlation analysis revealed that urinary 8-OHdG was negatively correlated with hair zinc in participants over 60 years of age and with poor health status, and positively correlated with hair chromium in participants with irregular dietary habits. In conclusion, these results suggest that urinary 8-OHdG is particularly correlated with hair zinc and chromium levels. Additional large-scale epidemiological studies are needed to generally confirm these findings.

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The relationship between serum zinc levels and myopia

Burke

Butler

Flitcroft

et al. 2021

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Zinc Nutritional Status in Korean Adults from Rural, Urban and Metropolitan Areas

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Mononuclear cell metallothionein mRNA levels in human subjects with poor zinc nutrition

Mononuclear cell metallothionein mRNA levels in human subjects with poor zinc nutrition

Association of serum and hair antioxidant minerals with an oxidative stress marker in relation with characteristics of healthy adults: a cross-sectional study

The relationship between serum zinc levels and myopia

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