“…metal oxides have been utilized for gas sensor applications. The fast response times, great sensitivity to target gases, small dimensions, mobility, economical manufacturing, simplicity of use, and real-time detection are the benefits of MOS-based gas sensors. − Out of all metal oxides, ZnO is known as the ideal candidate for gas sensing due to its exceptional physicochemical features. − ZnO is a promising material because of its wide direct band gap of ∼3.37 eV, strong carrier mobility (400 cm 2 V –1 s –1 ), and high exciton binding energy (60 meV). − ZnO also has the benefits of being biocompatible, chemically stable, environment friendly, and having a low cost of synthesis, among others. − Despite these, ZnO-based gas sensors suffer from poor selectivity, low sensitivity, and high working temperature. In order to resolve such issues, certain techniques can be utilized to enhance the gas sensing performance of ZnO including nanostructure formation, functionalization of nanoparticles (NPs), heterostructure and composite formation, etc. − …”