Zinc oxide nanoparticle energy band gap reduction triggers the oxidative stress resulting into autophagy-mediated apoptotic cell death

Cerium oxide nanoparticle elicits oxidative stress, endocrine imbalance and lowers sperm characteristics in testes of balb/c mice

“…Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between oxidants/antioxidants defence system, favouring the oxidants, leading to oxidation of biomolecules such as proteins, lipids and DNA (Chan, Tan, Peh, & Wong, ). The damage in turn may result in several events such as cell death, enhanced cell proliferation, genomic or chromosome instability, genetic mutation or tumour development (Arakha, Roy, Nayak, Mallick, & Jha, ; Donmez‐Altuntas et al., ; Feng et al., ). In this study, we monitored malondialdehyde level, a major product of LPO and activities of testicular antioxidant enzymes which include catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione‐s‐transferase in the treated mice.…”

Double-edged effects and mechanisms of Zn2+ microenvironments on osteogenic activity of BMSCs: osteogenic differentiation or apoptosis

“…Facilitation on bone regeneration is only one side of Zn 2+ , while high concentration of Zn 2+ may lead to cytotoxic reactions and cell apoptosis. 11,12 Considering the long-term exposure of Zn 2+ microenvironments surrounding zinccontaining biomaterials to bone tissues, their sustained biosecurity and bifunctionality are the key factors determining the clinical application prospects of newly developed materials. Therefore, in order to control and optimize Zn 2+ microenvironments precisely, it is urgent to comprehensively survey both positive and negative effects of Zn 2+ microenvironments on osteogenesis and to clarify the involved mechanisms.…”

Oxidative stress generated at nickel oxide nanoparticle interface results in bacterial membrane damage leading to cell death

“…[19][20][21][22] In this context, Arakha et al have investigated the effects of different physico-chemical parameters of nanoparticles such as size, shape, band gap energy, crystallinity, interfacial potential, and functional groups at bio-nano interface on antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of nanoparticles. 10,[23][24][25] Additionally, Venkatesan et al have investigated that porous chitosan-alginate-AgNPs composite can be used in antimicrobial ltration and cancer treatment. 26 The size of NPs in the nano range helps the nanoparticles to have high surface area to volume ratio, hence possess high free energy content.…”