Zinc, sulfur and nitrogen co-doped carbon from sodium chloride/zinc chloride-assisted pyrolysis of thiourea/sucrose for highly efficient oxygen reduction reaction in both acidic and alkaline media

N,S‐Codoped hollow carbon dodecahedron/sulfides composites enabling high‐performance lithium‐ion intercalation

“…[52] However, thiourea can be easily decomposed into gas during pyrolysis that favors the formation of the porous structure, S powder can offer a sufficient sulfur source. [53] The excessive S element not only combines with transition metal to form Zn 0.76 Co 0.24 S, ZnS, and Co 1-x Sx nanoparticles but also on the carbon surface, demonstrating the chemical contact between metal sulfur nanoparticles and the graphitized carbon layer that improves the conductivity of the composites. [54] To demonstrate the superiority of this unique structure, the electrochemical lithium storage behaviors of obtained N,S-Co/Zn@CN are evaluated.…”

N-, F-, and Fe-Doped Mesoporous Carbon Derived from Corncob Waste and Creating Oxygen Reduction Reaction Active Centers with a Maximum Charge Density of ≥0.25 for a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Catalyst

“…Synthesis of an economic, efficient electrocatalyst with an outstanding stability on the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) through a facile strategy is eminently beneficial but remains challenging. − Generally, Pt and Pt-based alloy catalysts are being employed to enhance ORR performance, owing to their high work function, high exchange current density, nanostructural architecture, etc. − However, poor durability, high cost, and low abundance of the Pt-based electrocatalyst and detrimental environmental conditions with polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) operation, such as low pH and high voltage (>1 V), has taken back its sweeping commercialization. − Aforementioned studies have led us to find alternative earth-abundant and cost-effective ORR catalysts, for instance, metal-alloy-supported/heteroatom-doped catalysts and non-Pt/transition-metal-supported catalyst, resulting in a higher current density at a comparatively low overpotential. − …”

Synergistic melamine intercalation and Zn(NO3)2 activation of N-doped porous carbon supported Fe/Fe3O4 for efficient electrocatalytic oxygen reduction

“…[24][25][26] Generally, the evaporation of Zn at high temperature promotes the carbonization of carbon materials and increases the degree of defects, which will expand the specic surface area and promote the mass transfer on the electrode/ electrolyte interfaces. 27,28 As a typical example, Li et al prepared ZnCl 2 -Fe/C/N@bio-C and Zn(NO 3 ) 2 -Fe/C/N@bio-C electrocatalysts, in which ZnCl 2 and Zn(NO 3 ) 2 are used as activating agents to make the Fe-based active species disperse well onto the biomass template. 29 The results reveal that both zinc salts is signicant for the formation of special pore structure and carbon defects, but Zn(NO 3 ) 2 has a better advantage in improving the activity toward ORR.…”