Zinc Supplementation against<i>Eimeria acervulina</i>-Induced Oxidative Damage in Broiler Chickens

Georgieva, N.; Gabrashanska, M.; Koinarski, V.; Yaneva, Zvezdelina

doi:10.4061/2011/647124

Cited by 44 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Expression of ZnT1 is important to protect the cell against accumulation of intracellular zinc and zinc toxicity (Nolte et al, 2004). However, maintaining a pool of intracellular zinc is important because zinc, as an antioxidant, can also protect the host against Eimeria induced oxidative damage (Georgieva et al, 2011). Thus decreased expression of ZnT1 can promote zinc toxicity and cell death or reduce the oxidative damage caused by Eimeria or both.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of digestive enzymes and nutrient transporters in Eimeria-challenged broilers

Miska²,

Fetterer

et al. 2015

Experimental Parasitology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of digestive enzymes and nutrient transporters in Eimeria-challenged broilers

Miska²,

Fetterer

et al. 2015

Experimental Parasitology

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“…Expression of ZnT1 is important to protect the cell against accumulation of intracellular zinc and zinc toxicity (Nolte et al, 2004). However, maintaining a pool of intracellular zinc is important because zinc, as an antioxidant, can also protect the host against E. acervulina-induced oxidative damage (Georgieva et al, 2011). Thus, decreased expression of ZnT1 can promote zinc toxicity and programmed cell death, reduce the oxidative damage caused by Eimeria, or both.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Expression of digestive enzymes and nutrient transporters in Eimeria acervulina-challenged layers and broilers

Miska²,

Fetterer

et al. 2014

Poultry Science

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Avian coccidiosis is a disease caused by intestinal protozoa in the genus Eimeria. Clinical signs of coccidiosis include intestinal lesions and reduced feed efficiency and BW gain. This growth reduction may be due to changes in expression of digestive enzymes and nutrient transporters in the intestine. The objective of this study was to examine the differential expression of digestive enzymes, transporters of amino acids, peptides, sugars, and minerals, and an antimicrobial peptide in the small intestine of Eimeria acervulina-infected broilers and layers. Uninfected broilers and layers, in general, expressed these genes at comparable levels. Some differences included 3-fold and 2-fold greater expression of the peptide transporter PepT1 and the antimicrobial peptide LEAP2 (liver expressed antimicrobial peptide 2), respectively, in the jejunum of layers compared with broilers and 17-fold greater expression of LEAP2 in the duodenum of broilers compared with layers. In the duodenum of Eimeria-infected broilers and layers, there was downregulation of aminopeptidase N; sucrase-isomaltase; the neutral, cationic, and anionic amino acid transporters b(o,+)AT/rBAT, B(o)AT, CAT2, and EAAT3; the sugar transporter GLUT2; the zinc transporter ZnT1; and LEAP2. In the jejunum of infected layers there was downregulation of many of the same genes as in the duodenum plus downregulation of PepT1, b(o,+)AT/rBAT, and the y(+) L system amino acid transporters y(+) LAT1 and y(+) LAT2. In the ileum of infected layers there was downregulation of CAT2, y(+)LAT1, the L type amino acid transporter LAT1, and the sugar transporter GLUT1, and upregulation of APN, PepT1, the sodium glucose transporter SGLT4, and LEAP2. In E. acervulina-infected broilers, there were no gene expression changes in the jejunum and ileum. These changes in intestinal digestive enzyme and nutrient transporter gene expression may result in a decrease in the efficiency of protein digestion, uptake of important amino acids and sugars, and disruption of mineral balance that may affect intestinal cell metabolism and Eimeria replication.

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“…Various avian diseases also negatively affect antioxidant defenses including decrease SOD activity in jejunal and ileal parts of the gut challenged with Salmonella pullorum [166], brain and liver of Newcastle disease virus-infected chickens [167], erythrocytes of the Eimeria acervulina infected birds [168] and plasma of E. tenella challenged birds [169]. Since antioxidant-pro-oxidant balance in the gut plays an important role in chicken health and immunity [5], special emphasis should be given to this area of research.…”

Section: Diseases and Gut Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Systems in Poultry Biology: Superoxide Dismutase

Surai¹

2016

J Anim Res Nutr

168

135

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Commercial poultry production is associated with various stresses responsible for decreasing productive and reproductive performance of growing chicks, breeders and commercial layers. A growing body of evidence shows that most of stresses in poultry production at the cellular level are associated with oxidative stress. Recently, a concept of the cellular antioxidant defense has been revised with special attention paid to cellular redox status maintenance and cell signaling. In fact, antioxidant systems of the living cell are based on three major levels of defense and superoxide dismutase (SOD) is shown to belong to the first level of the antioxidant defense network. Cellular antioxidant defenses are shown to include several options and vitagene activation in stress conditions is considered as a fundamental adaptive mechanism. The vitagene family includes various genes regulating synthesis of protective molecules including thioredoxins, sirtuins, heat shock proteins and SOD. However, by the time of writing no comprehensive review on the roles and effects of SOD in poultry biology has appeared. Therefore, the aim of this review is a critical analysis of the role of SOD in poultry biology with specific emphasis to its functions as an essential part of the vitagene network. From the analysis of the recent data related to SOD in poultry physiology and adaptation to stresses it is possible to conclude that: a) SOD as important vitagene is the main driving force in cell/body adaptation to various stress conditions. Indeed, in stress conditions additional synthesis of SOD is an adaptive mechanism to decrease ROS formation; b) If the stress is too high SOD activity is decreased and apoptosis is activated; c) there are tissue-specific differences in SOD expression which also depends on the strength of such stress-factors as heat, heavy metals, mycotoxins and other stressors; d) SOD is shown to provide an effective protection against lipid peroxidation in chicken embryonic tissues and semen; e) SOD is shown to be protective in heat and cold stress, toxicity stress as well as in other oxidative-stress related conditions in poultry production; f) there are complex interactions inside the antioxidant network of the cell/body to ensure an effective maintenance of homeostasis in stress conditions. Indeed, in many cases, nutritional antioxidants (vitamin E, selenium, carotenoids, phytochemicals, etc.) in the feed can increase SOD expression; g) nutritional means of SOD upregulation in stress conditions of poultry production and physiological and commercial consequences await further investigation; h) vitagene upregulation in stress conditions is emerging as an effective means for stress management.

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Zinc Supplementation againstEimeria acervulina-Induced Oxidative Damage in Broiler Chickens

Cited by 44 publications

References 36 publications

Expression of digestive enzymes and nutrient transporters in Eimeria-challenged broilers

Expression of digestive enzymes and nutrient transporters in Eimeria-challenged broilers

Expression of digestive enzymes and nutrient transporters in Eimeria acervulina-challenged layers and broilers

Antioxidant Systems in Poultry Biology: Superoxide Dismutase

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