Zingerone prevents lead‐induced toxicity in liver and kidney tissues by regulating the oxidative damage in Wistar rats

Abstract

Among the heavy metal poisonings, lead is considered as a major toxic metal causing hematological, neurological, immunological, hepatic, and renal dysfunctions. Lead causes inhibition of ALAD leading to the ALA accumulation inside the cells. Lead also leads to disruption of the anti-oxidative enzyme system, organ function, and lipid membranes of the cell causing oxidative stress. Zingerone, a phenolic alkanone, is an active edible ingredient present in the ginger that possess varied pharmacological properties. The aim of our study was to evaluate the protective effect of zingerone in lead-induced toxicity in wistar rats. ALAD concentration was improved in kidney and liver tissues treated with zingerone. Protective effect of zingerone was observed in terms of significant improvement in kidney and liver histology, anti-oxidant enzyme activity (CAT, SOD, GPx, and GR), organ function parameters, lipid profile, and decreased level of LPO. Therefore, zingerone pretreatment can be a promising agent for alleviation of lead-induced oxidative damage in cells. Practical applications Published reports have revealed that consumption of certain bioactive nutrients for example, flavonoids, mineral elements, and vitamins can offer defense from the environmental lead contamination. Zingerone is a strong anti-oxidant, with very less side effects and has exceptional property of scavenging free radicals, hence reducing the oxidative stresses. This fundamental property of zingerone can alone help in countering the heavy metal toxicity. Different groups have published reported numerous properties of zingerone but as per our understanding till date no study about alleviation of lead toxicity by zingerone in animal model has been undertaken. Hence, we conducted this research to explore the preventive effect of zingerone in lead induced kidney and liver toxicity. The outcome of our study shows potent anti-oxidant effect and ALAD modulatory property of zingerone which makes it suitable edible candidate for use in countering lead toxicity.

Zingerone Targets Status Epilepticus by Blocking Hippocampal Neurodegeneration via Regulation of Redox Imbalance, Inflammation and Apoptosis

“…Administration of zingerone notably in high doses or sodium valproate diminishes oxidative damage with the restoration of the antioxidant armory. These results are in agreement with earlier reports [24,37,43,44].…”

Pterocarpus mildbraedii(Harms) extract resolves propanil‐induced hepatic injury via repression of inflammatory stress responses in Wistar rats

“…For example, D-Limonene, extracted from citrus plants, has reportedly shown an antifibrotic effect in a carbon tetrachloride model of hepatotoxicity (Ahmad et al, 2018). Similarly, zingerone, a pharmacologically active compound from dry ginger, was found to have mitigated oxidative damage in the hepato-renal system following the intoxication of rats with lead (Amin et al, 2020).…”

“…For example, D‐Limonene, extracted from citrus plants, has reportedly shown an antifibrotic effect in a carbon tetrachloride model of hepatotoxicity (Ahmad et al, 2018). Similarly, zingerone, a pharmacologically active compound from dry ginger, was found to have mitigated oxidative damage in the hepato‐renal system following the intoxication of rats with lead (Amin et al., 2020). A flavonoid‐rich fraction of Bergamot juice also alleviated gingival inflammation via mechanisms such as reduction of nuclear NF‐κB translocation and myeloperoxidase activity (Gugliandolo et al., 2019).…”

Zingerone Attenuates Methotrexate-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

“…In the current study, we proved that zingerone (100 mg/kg) could increase the activity of both SOD and CAT in the liver of MTX-affected rates. increasing activity of CAT and SOD by using zingerone (8,34).…”

“…There are also studies that confirm the role of increased production of proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of liver injury in MTX-treated rats (3,5,6). Besides, MTX hepatotoxicity, like any kind of hepatic injury, can increase hepatic enzymes, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (3,5,8).…”