Zirconia Primers Improve the Shear Bond Strength of Dental Zirconia

Abstract

Purpose Various resin cements and priming agents are available for adhesive luting of zirconia restorations. The purpose of this study was to investigate how cement type and priming protocol affect the shear bond strength on zirconia ceramics. Materials and Methods Yttria‐stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline ceramic cylinders were bonded to flat zirconia ceramic surfaces using 7 commercially available resin cements. Ten specimens of each cement group were pretreated with a universal primer, and 10 specimens per group were bonded without pretreatment. In addition, 10 specimens per group were pretreated with system‐specific zirconia primers, which were available for 3 cements. Altogether, 170 bonded specimens were water‐stored, thermal‐cycled, and then submitted to shear bond strength tests. The shear bond strength and the fracture types were documented. Differences in shear bond strengths were assessed using 2‐way ANOVA with post‐hoc test (α = 0.05). A point‐biserial correlation was run between the fracture patterns and the shear bond strengths. Results The mean shear bond strengths of cements in the unprimed group showed large variations between 2.52 ± 3.01 (mean ± SD) MPa and 33.15 ± 7.35 MPa. Pretreating the specimens with a universal primer improved the shear bond strengths significantly in all groups (p < 0.05) with a range of 21.80 ± 12.51 to 57.20 ± 11.40 MPa. The system‐specific primers also improved the shear bond strength significantly, compared to the unprimed group (p < 0.01); however, only one system‐specific primer achieved a shear bond strength superior to the universal primer (p < 0.01). There was also a statistical correlation between the fracture type and the shear bond strength (p < 0.0005), with cohesively fractured specimens showing higher shear bond strengths (37.24 ± 19.87 MPa) than adhesively fractured specimens (23.10 ± 17.65 MPa) (p < 0.001). Conclusion Using universal primer can enhance the maximal shear bond strength of zirconia.

Effects of 10-MDP Based Primer on Shear Bond Strength between Zirconia and New Experimental Resin Cement

“…In a recent study, Steiner et al adopted experimental conditions and referred outcomes comparable to the ones of the present study, even though some differences exist, principally in sample processing and in the use of cylinders made of zirconia instead of resin composite. The analyzed cement (Panavia F2.0, with chemo-physical characteristics comparable to Panavia V5) resulted in SBS values of 25.85 ± 11.46 Mpa with 10-MDP primer and 9.18 ± 8.38 Mpa without 10-MDP primer (Clearfil Ceramic Primer Plus) [35].…”

Influence of Different Primer/Resin Cement Systems on Retention of Monolithic Zirconia Crowns

“…6,[23][24][25]33 Group M showed the highest retentive bond strength, this may be due to the composition of Monobond N that contains different methacrylate monomers with a functional phosphoric acid group in MDP molecule, that can create a very stable phosphate link that resist hydrolysis and hence a durable strongadhesive bond to zirconia. 20 Also, Multilink Speed contains an adhesive monomer that consists of a long-chain methacrylate with a phosphoric acid group, this acidic groups bind to calcium in the hydroxyapatite of the demineralized smear layer of dentin, creating a bond to the resin network. 15 This finding comes in agreement with the results obtained from the study of Amaral et al 29 which had compared the effects of Z-Prime plus and Monobond Plus on polished and sandblasted zirconia surface and determined higher bond strength of Monobond Plus than Z-Prime plus due to an MDP monomer and a silane monomer 3-MPS content of Monobond Plus.Also, with agreement with the results obtained from the study ofElsaka 15 that determined higher bond strength of Multilink Speed to monolithic zirconia than Multilink N, also determined that pretreatment of zirconia surface with Monobond Plus enhance retention strength of Multilink Speed as in Monobond Plus, the functional monomer is methacrylated phosphoric acid ester.…”

“…10,18 Benefits of airborne-particle abrasion are making ceramic surface roughresulting in micromechanical interlocking between zirconia and resin, also increasing in surface energy and surface area of zirconia surface. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Moreover, the benefit of using MDP containing primers is a chemical interaction between the MDP acidic groups (phosphoric acid) and the oxide layer of the zirconia. [22][23][24][25][26] Kuraray company invented the original MDP monomer in 1981 to improve the bond strength to hydroxyapatite, MDP monomer can be incorporated into various bonding and luting products, such as primers, adhesives, and resins such as kuraray products (Clearfil Ceramic Primer,Clearfil SE bond,Panavia F2.0) respectively.…”

Effects of Different Airborne Particle Abrasion Protocols on the Surface Roughness and Shear Bonding Strength of High/Ultra-Translucent Zirconia to Resin Cement

“…The bonded samples were stored in distilled water for 24 h at 37 °C before being subjected to thermocycling. The samples were then subjected to artificial ageing by thermocycling for 5000 cycles alternately at 5 and 55 °C in water baths for 15 s each (CS-4.2, THE-1100, SD-Mechatronik, Germany); the transfer time was 5 s [19]. For the SBS measurements, each bonded sample was placed in a shear-bond testing jig (Tokyo Giken Inc., Tokyo, Japan) per ISO TR11405.…”