“…1,2 Many efforts have been made to optimize various components of QDSSCs for excellent photovoltaic performance, including the structural design of photoanodes, the exploration and modification of various types of redox electrolytes, and the selection and optimization of counter electrode (CE) catalysts. 3,4 Notably, CEs play a vital role in collecting photoinduced charges from the external circuit and then catalyze the reduction reaction of the oxidized electrolyte (such as S n 2− ions) at the CE/electrolyte interface, which can dramatically affect the short-circuit current density and filling factor of the device. 5 In order to obtain a superior photovoltaic performance, it requires that the CE possesses outstanding catalytic activity, excellent electrical conductivity, great mechanical and chemical stability, and a high surface area.…”