The synthesis of Zinc Stannate (Zn2SnO4) nanoparticles may be achieved by utilizing lemon and grapefruit peels, as indicated by the results of this study. This analysis outlines a sustainable, cost-effective, and readily available approach. The Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles were generated biologically and were discovered to have a cubic crystalline structure, as established by structural analysis using Rietveld refinement. TEM microstructural examinations revealed that Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles exhibit a homogeneous distribution and possess an average diameter of around 21 nm. The Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles have an optical energy band gap of 3.05 eV and demonstrate a UV region peak, which showed that Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles were being formed. More precisely, the pH of the solution greatly affects the absorption of Cd2+ ions. Kinetic analysis involves the use of two types of models: pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order. The previous model yields an R2 value of 0.9031 and a rate constant (k1) of 0.41×10-2 min-1. However, the pseudo-second-order model provides a better match, as seen by its very high R2 value of 0.9932 and rate constant (k2) value of 4.4×10-3 g.(mg.min)−1. In addition, isotherm modeling shows that the experimental data closely match the Freundlich isotherm model.