ZnCl₂ supported on Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ core–shell nanocatalyst for the synthesis of quinolines via Friedländer synthesis under solvent‐free condition

Abstract

A magnetic nanocatalyst of Fe3O4@SiO2/ZnCl2 was prepared by supporting ZnCl2 on silica‐coated magnetic nanoparticles of Fe3O4. This recoverable catalyst was used for the synthesis of quinolines via Friedländer synthesis from 2‐aminoaryl ketones and α‐methylene ketones under solvent‐free condition. The prepared catalyst was characterized by FT‐IR, TEM, SEM, XRD, EDX, ICP‐OES, VSM and BET. It was found that Fe3O4@SiO2/ZnCl2 showed higher catalytic activity than homogenous ZnCl2, and could be reused several times without significant loss of activity.

Dipeptide‐functionalized MIL‐101(Fe) as efficient material for ibuprofen delivery

“…Mesoporous materials are a class of porous material with pore diameters in the range 2–50 nm . These materials are widely used for catalysis, adsorption, sensors and medicinal applications due to their applicable properties such as high surface area, suitable dimensions of the windows of the cages relative to the size of most organic compounds and pseudo‐homogeneous properties that can show good dispersion in liquid mediums .…”

“…These materials are widely used for catalysis, adsorption, sensors and medicinal applications due to their applicable properties such as high surface area, suitable dimensions of the windows of the cages relative to the size of most organic compounds and pseudo‐homogeneous properties that can show good dispersion in liquid mediums . Many types of mesoporous material with unique properties have been synthesized, such as silica‐based materials, zeolites,[1b] activated carbon and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), and also different composites of these structures have been realized with combinations of properties . MOFs as porous hybrid inorganic–organic solids are indeed very important solids because of their potential applications in gas storage, adsorption, drug delivery (release), separation or catalysis…”

One-Pot-Multicomponent Synthesis of 2,6-Diamino-4-arylpyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile Derivatives Using Nanomagnetic Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@ZnCl₂

“…Because nanoparticle materials have enormously large and highly reactive surface area, they exhibit unique properties in comparison to bulk materials. For our investigations, nanomagnetic Fe3O4@SiO2@ZnCl2 was prepared according to the literature procedure [57].…”

ZrO2/SO42−/Cu as a Multifunctional, Durable, Efficient, and Heterogeneous Recoverable Inorgano‐Nanocatalyst for the Green Preparation of Quinolines

“…[11] Various Brønsted acid-and Lewis acid-based catalysts as well as transition metalcatalyzed systems have been previously reported for the quinoline synthesis. [12][13][14] Among the recent advances can be pointed to: (1) [MoO 2 ] 2 + , [15] (2) [Mn(CO) 5 Br], [16] (3) microwave, [8] (4) malic acid, [9] (5) α-Chymotrypsin, [17] (6) sulfonyl imidazolium salt, [18] (7) Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @ZnCl 2 , [19] (8) benzylamine, [20] (9) carbon aerogel, [21] (10) calcium silicate nanoparticles, [22] (11) nickel catalyst [Ni(MeTAA)] (MeTAA = tetramethyltetraaza [14] annulene), [23] ionoc liquid@Fe 3 O 4 , [24] CeO 2 -TiO 2 , [25] and Ru-catalyzed hydrogen transfer strategy. [26] However, some impediments are involved with them such as: long reaction times, unstable catalysts, high reaction temperatures, tedious work-up, low yields, high expensive catalyst, and toxic solvents, which limit their application for gram-scale synthesis, and also are not suitable from economicand environmentally friendly points of view.…”

“…Various Brønsted acid‐ and Lewis acid‐based catalysts as well as transition metal‐catalyzed systems have been previously reported for the quinoline synthesis . Among the recent advances can be pointed to: (1) [MoO 2 ] 2+ , (2) [Mn(CO) 5 Br], (3) microwave, (4) malic acid, (5) α‐Chymotrypsin, (6) sulfonyl imidazolium salt, (7) Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @ZnCl 2 , (8) benzylamine, (9) carbon aerogel, (10) calcium silicate nanoparticles, (11) nickel catalyst [Ni(MeTAA)] (MeTAA= tetramethyltetraaza[14] annulene), ionoc liquid@Fe 3 O 4 , CeO 2 ‐TiO 2 , and Ru‐catalyzed hydrogen transfer strategy …”