ZnO Doped With Transition Metal Ions

Abstract

Spin-dependent phenomena in ZnO may lead to devices with new or enhanced functionality, such as polarized solidstate light sources and sensitive biological and chemical sensors. In this paper, we review the experimental results on transition metal doping of ZnO and show that the material can be made with a single phase at high levels of Co incorporation (∼15 at.%) and exhibits the anomalous Hall effect. ZnO is expected to be one of the most promising materials for room-temperature polarized light emission; but to date, we have been unable to detect the optical spin polarization in ZnO. The short spin relaxation time observed likely results from the Rashba effect. Possible solutions involve either cubic phase ZnO or the use of additional stressor layers to create a larger spin splitting in order to get a polarized light emission from these structures or to look at alternative semiconductors and fresh device approaches.

Drastic improvement in magnetization of CdO nanoparticles by Fe doping

“…Diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) are defined as nonmagnetic semiconductors in which a small fraction of host cations is replaced by transition metal (TM) or rareearth (RE) ions, with both spin and charge degrees of freedom in a single material (Ohno 1998;Pearton et al 2007). In these materials, the presence of magnetic ions such as 3d (TM) and/or 4f (RE) ions leads to an exchange interaction between itinerary sp band electrons or holes and the d-electron spins localized at the magnetic ions, leads to versatile magnetic field-induced functionalities (Furdyna 1988).…”

Structural and Optical Properties of Manganese‐Doped NanocrystallineZinc Oxide/Polyvinylidene Fluoride Flexible Composite Thin Films Deposited by the Sol–Gel Method

“…Zinc oxide (ZnO) doped with transition metals are very useful as a DMS material [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and in the field of spintronics research also for their excellent potential. As the Mn 2+ ion has the highest magnetic moment among all the 3d transition metals, Mn-doped ZnO has the maximum demand in this category.…”

Probing luminescent Fe-doped ZnO nanowires for high-performance oxygen gas sensing application

“…high response/recovery time, low sensitivity and high operating temperature over their thin lm counterpart. [3][4][5][6] Electronic charge transfer in n-type ZnO gas sensors can be tuned by altering the doping levels for increased sensitivity towards oxidizing gases such as oxygen. 7,8 Fe-doping induces disorder in the ZnO lattice, which in turn affects the charge transfer to ions absorbed at the surface states of ZnO nanowires.…”