ZnO nanoparticles as efficient sunlight driven photocatalyst prepared by solution combustion method involved lime juice as biofuel

Gowthambabu, V.; Balamurugan, A.; bharathy, R. Dhivya; Satheeshkumar, S.; Kanmani, S.

doi:10.1016/j.saa.2021.119857

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The formed structure morphology was predominantly nano-spherical with non-uniform size distribution (Figure 4(a)) and appeared as nanorods (Figure 4(b)) with irregular arrangements. This figure showed dispersed nano-ZnO in a semi-spherical shape, while nanorod appeared to cluster, forming black zones due to overlapping and intersection [49], as also reported by Gowthambabu et al [50].…”

Section: Tem Micrograph Analysissupporting

confidence: 81%

Nano-ZnO prepared by using chaya and mango leaves extract for photocatalyst of methylene blue

SUCIYATI,

JUNAIDI,

SITUMEANG

et al. 2024

J Met Mater Miner

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This research aimed to synthesize nano-ZnO from chaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius) and mango leaves extract (Mangifera indica) as environmentally friendly photocatalysts. Nano-ZnO was synthesized using green synthesis, with leaves extracts as reducing agents and nanoparticle size stabilizers. The samples were prepared using two methods, namely nano-ZnO-1 and nano-ZnO-2. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis showed the contribution of metabolite compounds in nano-ZnO synthesis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed the crystal size in nano range, with spherical nanorod morphology observed. Ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) determined the band gap energy of 2.97 eV and 3.17 eV. Furthermore, photocatalytic activity test showed that photocatalyst performance after 90 min was 68.86% (nano-ZnO-1) and 96.46% (nano-ZnO-2).

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Section: Tem Micrograph Analysissupporting

confidence: 81%

Nano-ZnO prepared by using chaya and mango leaves extract for photocatalyst of methylene blue

SUCIYATI,

JUNAIDI,

SITUMEANG

et al. 2024

J Met Mater Miner

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“…These volatile matter contents were evaluated as the first heating khat sample in the furnace without oxygen at 750 °C for 15 minutes, and the mass of the sample before and after heating was recorded, and the volatile matter of the khat sample became 76.3% and discussed in Figure 5. This study of khat moisture is 4.87%, and similarly, the ash contents of khat are slightly less than that of banana leaves, 9.05% ash; this suggests that khat is used for fuel from bananas [37][38][39]. The percentages of fixed carbon were analyzed from the summation of all ash, volatile, and moisture contents from 100.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Synthesis of Plant‐Derived Khat Waste for Environmental Application

Afessa¹,

Saka²,

Jule³

et al. 2022

Journal of Nanomaterials

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This research is based on the characterization of khat waste (Catha edulis) through the use of some experimental approaches required to produce a clean, renewable energy source that could enhance our environmental economy as well as our energy security. The objective of this article is to characterize the pyrolysis khat waste in both proximate and ultimate analysis, thermal decomposition (weight loss of khat), and functional categories of khat waste, by using a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to determine the functional group of a sample. We also used an elemental analyzer device (model: Thermo Scientific–EA1112 FLASH CHNS/O analyzer) to measure elemental composition, characterize the proximate analysis of khat, and measure weight loss or thermal behavior of raw khat sample by using a device called thermogravimetric analyzer (TA instrument model: SDT Q600). The determined characterization of the khat sample was 48.25 percent carbon, 6.16 percent hydrogen, 45.13 percent oxygen, and 0.46 percent nitrogen. When compared to coal, khat contains extremely little nitrogen, resulting in less environmental contamination to the air than fossil fuel combustion. The proximate analysis results of the khat sample also showed 5 percent and 5.26 percent moisture content for both wet and dry bases, respectively, as well as 76.3 percent volatile matter, 4.8 percent ash content, and 13.83 percent fixed carbon. The findings are discussed in this research by comparing the final value results with other biomass and coil. The functional group of khat waste was studied using a spectrum of (65 Perkin Elmer) at wavelength ranges of 4000 to 400 cm-1. The weight loss of the khat sample at 700°C and a heating rate of 20°C/min, as well as the proximate analysis of this raw khat, were 4.5 percent, 75.84 percent, 5.38 percent, and 14.28 percent for moisture, unstable substance, ash content, and static carbon, respectively. The differences between TGA values and the projected proximal value were 10%, 0.6 percent, 9.47 percent, and 3.15 percent for moisture, volatile matter, as content, and fixed carbon, respectively. Overall, the benefit we get from pyrolysis of khat waste is that khat waste has very low nitrogen content and empty sulfur, which is very important for reducing air pollution and environmental sanitation when used as fuel. So from pyrolysis, khat waste types of fuel such as biochar, liquid fuel, and gas fuel can be obtained.

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“…Furthermore, the sharpness and intense diffraction of obtained peaks are indications of crystallization of the nanoparticles. These characteristics show that the synthesized substance is pure ZnO nanoparticles [20].…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction Of Zno Nanocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Furthermore, the particles have less agglomeration, good connectivity, and homogeneity among the particles. Moreover, the surface of the particles is porous, which may be due to the release of hot gases from the reaction mixture during the combustion process [20,22]. ZnO-ZnO nanoparticles bond to each other due to the presence of nodule formation [23].…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopic Study Of Znomentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel Synthesis from Milk Thistle Extract of <em>Silybum marianum</em> (L.) Gaertn. using ZnO Nanoparticles as A Catalyst

Jan¹,

Šurina²,

Al‐Fatesh³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Biodiesel is considered valuable to reduce dependency on petro-fuels. This work aimed to synthesize biodiesel from Silybum marianum using synthesized ZnO nanoparticles as a catalyst. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were examined by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction for confirmation. The synthesized biodiesel was confirmed by ASTM D-6751, H and C-NMR, GC-MS, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The optimal biodiesel yield of 91% was obtained in the oil-to-methanol ratio of 1:24, 15 mg of catalyst concentration, 60 0C temperature, and 45 minutes of reaction time. Fuel properties were determined according to the ASTM defined methods and found within the defined limits of ASTM D-6751. 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR showed characteristic peaks at 3.667 ppm, 2.000 to 2.060 ppm, 0.858-0.918 ppm, 5.288-5.407 ppm, 24.93-34.22 ppm, 172.71, 173.12, 130.16 ppm, and 128.14 ppm, respectively, which confirm biodiesel synthesis. The FAMEs composition of biodiesel was determined by GC-MS which recognized 19 peaks for different types of FAMEs. FT-IR spectroscopy showed two main peaks, first in the range of 1725-1750 cm-1 and second in the range of 1000-1300 cm-1, which confirmed that the transesterification process was completed successfully. The physicochemical characteristics of Silybum marianum confirm that it is a suitable source to produce biodiesel on industrial scale.

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ZnO nanoparticles as efficient sunlight driven photocatalyst prepared by solution combustion method involved lime juice as biofuel

Cited by 24 publications

References 39 publications

Nano-ZnO prepared by using chaya and mango leaves extract for photocatalyst of methylene blue

Nano-ZnO prepared by using chaya and mango leaves extract for photocatalyst of methylene blue

Synthesis of Plant‐Derived Khat Waste for Environmental Application

Biodiesel Synthesis from Milk Thistle Extract of <em>Silybum marianum</em> (L.) Gaertn. using ZnO Nanoparticles as A Catalyst

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