Zone-Doubling Technique to Produce Ultrahigh-Resolution X-Ray Optics

Jefimovs, Konstantins; Vila‐Comamala, Joan; Pilvi, Tero; Raabe, Jörg; Ritala, Mikko; Dávid, Christian

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.99.264801

Cited by 167 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Although most lens-based x-ray imaging of biological specimens has been done at 40 to 60-nm resolution range, the spatial resolution of x-ray microscopes has been steadily improving (14), with demonstrations in specific test cases of optics with resolutions around 15 nm (15)(16)(17). Even so, practical challenges remain in lens-based x-ray imaging.…”

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confidence: 99%

High-resolution x-ray diffraction microscopy of specifically labeled yeast cells

Nelson

Huang

Steinbrener

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

122

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X-ray diffraction microscopy complements other x-ray microscopy methods by being free of lens-imposed radiation dose and resolution limits, and it allows for high-resolution imaging of biological specimens too thick to be viewed by electron microscopy. We report here the highest resolution (11-13 nm) x-ray diffraction micrograph of biological specimens, and a demonstration of molecular-specific gold labeling at different depths within cells via through-focus propagation of the reconstructed wavefield. The lectin concanavalin A conjugated to colloidal gold particles was used to label the α-mannan sugar in the cell wall of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cells were plunge-frozen in liquid ethane and freeze-dried, after which they were imaged whole using x-ray diffraction microscopy at 750 eV photon energy.coherent imaging | immunogold labeling X -ray microscopes can be used for the imaging of unsectioned eukaryotic cells too thick to be viewed in their entirety using electron microscopy (1-3), with the potential for higher spatial resolution than even the most advanced optical microscopy methods (see, e.g., ref. 4). These advantages are being realized in a number of ways, such as the imaging of trace metals and metalloproteins with improved detection limits (5, 6) and tomographic imaging of frozen hydrated cells at 40 to 60-nm resolution (7-11). Such efforts are leading to the availability of x-ray microscopes at most synchrotron radiation research centers, and laboratorybased systems are also beginning to appear (12, 13).Although most lens-based x-ray imaging of biological specimens has been done at 40 to 60-nm resolution range, the spatial resolution of x-ray microscopes has been steadily improving (14), with demonstrations in specific test cases of optics with resolutions around 15 nm (15-17). Even so, practical challenges remain in lens-based x-ray imaging. Soft x-ray Fresnel zone plates with outermost zone widths smaller than 20 nm have had submillimeter short focal lengths as well as focusing efficiencies well below 10%. The former creates geometric complications for tomographic imaging, whereas the latter translates to an increase in radiation damage to the specimen when zone plates are used in transmission x-ray microscope systems. To reduce the damage from radiation, biological materials have been successfully imaged with x-rays in the frozen hydrated state with no artifactcausing pretreatment (11,18,19). For hydrated specimens, both phase and amplitude contrast are maximized when working in the "water window," the spectral region between the carbon and oxygen K-shell energies (18,20). However at a water window energy of 540 eVand a spatial resolution of 20 nm, the depth of focus of a standard monochromatic zone plate imaging system approaches the half-micrometer thickness at which cryoelectron tomography at 5 to 6-nm resolution becomes possible (2, 21). As a result, while progress is ongoing in lens-based x-ray imaging, it is also valuable to consider alternative approaches to high-resolution x-ray i...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution x-ray diffraction microscopy of specifically labeled yeast cells

Nelson

Huang

Steinbrener

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

122

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“…The desired high aspect ratios exceed the current limits of zone plate fabrication based on electron beam lithography and subsequent etching [9,10]. Approaches like zone plate stacking push the limits only slightly further [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full-field X-ray microscopy with crossed partial multilayer Laue lenses

Niese¹,

Krüger²,

Kubec³

et al. 2014

Opt. Express

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Abstract:We demonstrate full-field X-ray microscopy using crossed multilayer Laue lenses (MLL). Two partial MLLs are prepared out of a 48 µm high multilayer stack consisting of 2451 alternating zones of WSi 2 and Si. They are assembled perpendicularly in series to obtain two-dimensional imaging. Experiments are done in a laboratory X-ray microscope using Cu-Kα radiation (E = 8.05 keV, focal length f = 8.0 mm). Sub-100 nm resolution is demonstrated without mixed-order imaging at an appropriate position of the image plane. Although existing deviations from design parameters still cause aberrations, MLLs are a promising approach to realize hard X-ray microscopy at high efficiencies with resolutions down to the sub-10 nm range in future.

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“…Ein entscheidendes Charakteristikum stellt dabei das Aspektverhältnis (optische Tiefe zu äußerer Zonenbreite) dar, weil die erzielbare Fokusgröße einer FZP mit der äußeren Zonenbreite skaliert, während die Beugungseffizienz durch die optische Tiefe bestimmt wird [27]. Letztere muss für kleinere Wellenlängen zunehmen, sodass die Nutzung dieser Transmissionsoptiken für hochauflösende Mikroskopie mit harter Röntgenstrahlung schwierig ist, da trotz innovativer Ansätze [28,29] fundamentale Limitationen hinsichtlich des Aspektverhältnisses für das typische Präparationsverfahren der Fotolithografie bestehen.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Multilagenzonenplatten für die Mikroskopie mit harter Röntgenstrahlung

Eberl¹

2016

Göttingen Series in X-Ray Physics

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Zone-Doubling Technique to Produce Ultrahigh-Resolution X-Ray Optics

Cited by 167 publications

References 14 publications

High-resolution x-ray diffraction microscopy of specifically labeled yeast cells

High-resolution x-ray diffraction microscopy of specifically labeled yeast cells

Full-field X-ray microscopy with crossed partial multilayer Laue lenses

Multilagenzonenplatten für die Mikroskopie mit harter Röntgenstrahlung

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