Zone Refining of Aluminum

Kino, Takao; Kamigaki, N.; Yamasaki, Hitoshi; Kawai, Jun; Deguchi, Yasuhiko; Nakamichi, I

doi:10.2320/matertrans1960.17.645

Cited by 51 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Some of them succeeded in obtaining high purity aluminum which has room temperature and liquid helium temperature(1) (2). Some of the present authors reported the zone-refining method to produce aluminum more than 30000 in the resistance ratio (3). However, it is difficult to get higher purity aluminum than that by a usual zonerefining method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Study on the Trace Elements in Zone-Refined Aluminum

et al. 1977

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Impurities in the zone-refined aluminum have been determined qualitatively and quantitatively mainly by using nondestructive activation analysis. Remarkable results are summarized as follows:(1) The remaining impurities in the ZR-Al are Li, B, Na, Mg, Si, Ca, Sc, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sb, La, Ce, Sm, Dy, and Au. (2) The principal impurities contributed to the residual resistivity are Si and Sc. (3) Rare-earth elements of La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Tm, Yb and Lu in aluminum are the elements most effectively removed by the zone refining. (4) Sc in aluminum is not effective for the zone refining, and the distribution coefficient seems to be almost unity. (5) Hf, Ta and W in aluminum are transported to the top end by the zone refining, so their distribution coefficients are larger than unity. (6) Si and Mn diffuse into the aluminum rod from the outside during the zone refining in the present method. (7) The scraping of surface layer of the sample by sandpaper after irradiation is the most effective decontamination method for such a microanalysis as the present activation analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Zone refining was performed in a vacuum ported previously (3), except that the inside of the graphite boat was covered with alumina powder.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Trace Elements in Zone-Refined Aluminum

et al. 1977

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“…The optimization of zone length and the number of passes is more complicated than optimization of velocity because they can affect each other as well as they both depend on the property of treated materials. When researching on parameters optimization of zone refining of aluminium with a constant zone length, Kino, et al [44] concluded that through adaption of zone movement velocity between 24 -55 mm/h, zone length smaller than 30 mm (900 mm of total bar length) as well as applying 10 times of zone passes, around 80% of the Aluminum bar has been refined from 5N to 6N. However, many researches have indicated that it is not necessary to keep the zone length constant from one pass to the next or even in the same pass.…”

Section: Optimizing Experimental Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of High Purity Metals: A Review on Zone Refining Process

Zhang¹,

Friedrich²,

Friedrich³

2018

JCPT

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Purification is a primary application of zone melting, in which the improvement of efficiency, production yield and minimum achievable impurity level are always the research focus due to the increasing demand for high purity metals. This paper has systematically outlined the whole development of related research on zone refining of metals including basic theories, variants of zone refining, parametric optimization, numerical models, and high purity analytical methods. The collection of this information could be of good value to improve the refining efficiency and the production of high purity metals by zone refining.

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“…4,5) Hashimoto and coworkers reported superhighly purified aluminum (RRR is about 100000) from a 6N starting material by the cropping method (zone pass: 60 times). 6,7) Since then, no beneficial report on superhigh purification for aluminum has been published.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zone Refining of Aluminum and Its Simulation

et al. 2014

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Ultrahigh-purity aluminum with a residual resistivity ratio (RRR) of 6000065000 was obtained by the ultrahigh-vacuum melting method. However, it was necessary to reduce the concentration of the elements with distribution coefficient k > 1 to further improve the purity of aluminum. Therefore, we prepared a sample with reduced concentrations of k > 1 elements from an ultrahigh-purity (99.9999%) aluminum material by the zone-refining method, and evaluated its purity by electrical resistance measurement and glow discharge mass spectrometry (GDMS). In addition, the zone-refining process was simulated, and the distribution of the solute atoms after approximately 10 passes of zonerefining was predicted. Moreover, the refining conditions were investigated with the aim of achieving higher purity. In experiments, when the zone width was increased from 60 to 80 mm at a zone speed of 60 mm/h, the concentrations of the elements with k > 1 in the second half of the material decreased and RRR improved. When the zone speed was decreased to 30 mm/h, a marked effect was observed and RRR increased to about 85000. The distribution of the solute atoms determined from the simulation was in good agreement with the results of GDMS analysis, thus confirming the usefulness of the simulation.

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Zone Refining of Aluminum

Abstract: speeds, zone lengths and numbers of passes were tried to know the optimum refining conditions. The impurity content was estimated from the residual resistivity, and the highest resistance ratio in bulk R300/R4.2 obtained in the present work was 50000.

Cited by 51 publications

References 5 publications

Study on the Trace Elements in Zone-Refined Aluminum

Study on the Trace Elements in Zone-Refined Aluminum

Production of High Purity Metals: A Review on Zone Refining Process

Zone Refining of Aluminum and Its Simulation

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