Zoneamento agroclimático para a cultura do abacateiro no Estado do Paraná

Abstract

RESUMO-O abacateiro apresenta grande diversidade de tolerância a baixas temperaturas devido às suas regiões de origem. As raças mexicanas são mais tolerantes, as raças antilhanas são mais sensíveis e as guatemalenses têm comportamento intermediário. Neste trabalho o zoneamento de riscos climáticos fundamentou-se na severidade das geadas, por meio da análise de séries históricas de temperaturas mínimas em um ambiente de Sistema de Informação Geográfica. Foram identificadas quatro zonas distintas de risco, caracterizando geadas muito fortes e frequentes, onde não se recomenda o cultivo; geadas fortes, onde somente a cultivar Fuerte é recomendada; geadas moderadas, onde somente as cultivares Primavera e Margarida não são recomendadas, e uma zona de baixo risco, no norte e oeste do Paraná, onde todas as cultivares são indicadas. As diversidades de climas no Paraná e as exigências térmicas das cultivares possibilitam a colheita em grande parte do ano por meio da combinação de diferentes cultivares e regiões de plantio. Termos para indexação Persea americana, risco de geadas, graus-dia, épocas de colheita. AGROCLIMATIC ZONING FOR AVOCADO CULTURE IN THE STATE OF PARANAABSTRACT -Avocado cultivars have a great diversity of tolerance to low temperatures due to their regions of origin. The Mexican breeds are more tolerant, the West Indian breeds are more sensitive and the Guatemalan breeds have intermediate behavior. In this study, the zoning of climate risks in the state of Parana was based on the severity of frost, through the analysis of historical series of minimum temperatures in a Geographic Information System. We identified four distinct areas of risk, namely, a zone with very strong and frequent frosts where cultivation is not recommended, a zone where frosts are strong and only the cultivar Fuerte is recommended, a zone with moderate frosts and only Primavera and Margarida cultivars are not recommended, and a zone of low risk in the north and west of Paraná, where all cultivars are indicated. The diversity of climates in Paraná and thermal requirements of the cultivars allow the harvest during most of the year through a combination of different cultivars and growing regions.

Agroclimatic Risk Zoning of Avocado (Persea americana) in the Hydrographic Basin of Paraná River III, Brazil

“…Although other regions of Paraná state experience the wettest month in January [27,[31][32][33], the hydrographic basin of Paraná River III experiences the highest rainfall and the highest monthly median during October (Figure 3).…”

“…In Guaíra, which was observed to have greater deficiency, the accumulated rainfall was 56 mm. Because avocado trees typically have deep roots, the plants can extract water from deeper soil layers or horizons [27]. The water balance was less favorable from January to April, due to high temperatures and increased evapotranspiration.…”

“…The results obtained were interpolated using the ArcGIS 10.0 geographic information system to generate the annual water deficit maps. The following thresholds were considered for the risk of water deficiency: high risk-AWD > 100 mm; low risk-AWD < 100 mm [20,27,28]. (b) Average Annual Temperature (Ta): Meteorological data from historical series of average temperatures observed inside meteorological shelters were used to estimate the average annual temperature.…”

Agroclimatic zoning for urucum crops in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

“…Geographic information systems (GISs) can be used to obtain information for the spatial distribution of climates suitable to crops in preparation for agroclimatic zoning (Zaro et al 2014;Pena et al 2016). Agroclimatic zoning has been applied for various crops, e.g.…”

Agro-Climatic Zoning to Banana-Growing in the Mesoregion of Vale Do Rio Doce

“…Agroclimatic zoning have been prepared for fruit trees like avocado (ZARO et al, 2014) and macadamia nut (SCHNEIDER et al 2012).…”