Zoometric Characterization of Creole Cows from the Southern Amazon Region of Peru

Ruiz, Ricardo Encina; Saucedo-Uriarte, José Américo; Portocarrero-Villegas, Segundo Melecio; Quispe-Ccasa, Hurley Abel; Cayo-Colca, Ilse Silvia

doi:10.3390/d13110510

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Four areas dedicated to livestock have been identified: (1) Pomacochas-Jumbilla (Bongará), (2) Molinopampa (Chachapoyas)-Mendoza (Rodríguez de Mendoza), (3) Leimebamba (Chachapoyas) and (4) Chiriaco. The first three are located in areas with a temperate climate at altitudes above 2000 m.a.s.l., where dairy cattle and improved breeds predominate [57]. In the last zone, cattle predominate and the climate is warm and humid [58].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Grasslands Using Landsat Data in Livestock Micro-Watersheds in Amazonas (NW Peru)

Marin

Castillo

López

et al. 2022

Land

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In Peru, grasslands monitoring is essential to support public policies related to the identification, recovery and management of livestock systems. In this study, therefore, we evaluated the spatial dynamics of grasslands in Pomacochas and Ventilla micro-watersheds (Amazonas, NW Peru). To do this, we used Landsat 5, 7 and 8 images and vegetation indices (normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI). The data were processed in Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform for 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2020 through random forest (RF) classification reaching accuracies above 85%. The application of RF in GEE allowed surface mapping of grasslands with pressures higher than 85%. Interestingly, our results reported the increase of grasslands in both Pomacochas (from 2457.03 ha to 3659.37 ha) and Ventilla (from 1932.38 ha to 4056.26 ha) micro-watersheds during 1990–2020. Effectively, this study aims to provide useful information for territorial planning with potential replicability for other cattle-raising regions of the country. It could further be used to improve grassland management and promote semi-extensive livestock farming.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Grasslands Using Landsat Data in Livestock Micro-Watersheds in Amazonas (NW Peru)

Marin

Castillo

López

et al. 2022

Land

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“…PCC is prevalent in the Andean sector of the country, where it has been adapted to the highlands climate conditions (Quispe, 2016;Delgado et al, 2019). However, in comparison with exotic breeds, PCC achieves smaller body weights and milk production records (Espinoza and Urviola, 2005;Dipas Vargas, 2015;Ruiz et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and population structure of a Peruvian cattle herd using SNP data

et al. 2023

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New-generation sequencing technologies, among them SNP chips for massive genotyping, are useful for the effective management of genetic resources. To date, molecular studies in Peruvian cattle are still scarce. For the first time, the genetic diversity and population structure of a reproductive nucleus cattle herd of four commercial breeds from a Peruvian institution were determined. This nucleus comprises Brahman (N = 9), Braunvieh (N = 9), Gyr (N = 5), and Simmental (N = 15) breeds. Additionally, samples from a locally adapted creole cattle, the Arequipa Fighting Bull (AFB, N = 9), were incorporated. Female individuals were genotyped with the GGPBovine100K and males with the BovineHD. Quality control, and the proportion of polymorphic SNPs, minor allele frequency, expected heterozygosity, observed heterozygosity, and inbreeding coefficient were estimated for the five breeds. Admixture, principal component analysis (PCA), and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) were performed. Also, a dendrogram was constructed using the Neighbor-Joining clustering algorithm. The genetic diversity indices in all breeds showed a high proportion of polymorphic SNPs, varying from 51.42% in Gyr to 97.58% in AFB. Also, AFB showed the highest expected heterozygosity estimate (0.41 ± 0.01), while Brahman the lowest (0.33 ± 0.01). Besides, Braunvieh possessed the highest observed heterozygosity (0.43 ± 0.01), while Brahman the lowest (0.37 ± 0.02), indicating that Brahman was less diverse. According to the molecular variance analysis, 75.71% of the variance occurs within individuals, whereas 24.29% occurs among populations. The pairwise genetic differentiation estimates (FST) between breeds showed values that ranged from 0.08 (Braunvieh vs. AFB) to 0.37 (Brahman vs. Braunvieh). Similarly, pairwise Reynold’s distance ranged from 0.09 (Braunvieh vs. AFB) to 0.46 (Brahman vs. Braunvieh). The dendrogram, similar to the PCA, identified two groups, showing a clear separation between Bos indicus (Brahman and Gyr) and B. taurus breeds (Braunvieh, Simmental, and AFB). Simmental and Braunvieh grouped closely with the AFB cattle. Similar results were obtained for the population structure analysis with K = 2. The results from this study would contribute to the appropriate management, avoiding loss of genetic variability in these breeds and for future improvements in this nucleus. Additional work is needed to speed up the breeding process in the Peruvian cattle system.

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“…The cattle that were brought to the Americas from Iberia in the 15 th and 16 th centuries were adapted to Mediterranean agroecologies and, over the succeeding centuries, these populations have evolved adaptations to tropical and arid environments, emerging as distinctive breeds with unique heat tolerance and disease resistance traits [11,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Despite this, Criollo cattle are not highly valued in modern production systems and are slowly being replaced with more productive commercial breeds, which is eroding indigenous cattle genetic resources in South and Central America [30][31][32]. Therefore, using genome-scale data, the primary aims of this study were to evaluate B. taurus and B. indicus ancestry and detect historical gene flow from African cattle into the Blanco Orejinegro, Hartón del Valle, and Limonero Criollo breeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Insights into the Population History and Adaptive Traits of Latin American Criollo Cattle

Ward,

Ng’ang’a,

Randhawa

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Criollo cattle, descendants of animals brought by Iberian colonists to the Americas, have been subject to centuries of natural and human-mediated selection in novel tropical agroecological zones. Consequently, these breeds have evolved distinct characteristics such as resistance to disease and exceptional heat tolerance. In addition to European taurine (Bos taurus) ancestry, it has been proposed that gene flow from African taurine and Asian zebu (Bos indicus) cattle has shaped the ancestry of Criollo cattle. In this study, we analysed Criollo breeds from Colombia and Venezuela using whole genome sequencing data to examine population structure and admixture at very high resolution. We did not detect evidence of African taurine admixture in Criollo cattle; however, there was evidence of longstanding zebu ancestry in one breed (Hartón del Valle). In addition, we detected selection signatures associated with a myriad of adaptive traits, revealing genes linked to thermotolerance, reproduction, fertility, immunity, and distinct coat and skin coloration traits. This study underscores the remarkable adaptability of Criollo cattle and highlights the genetic richness and potential of these breeds in the face of climate change, habitat flux, and disease challenges. Further research is warranted to leverage these findings for more effective and sustainable cattle breeding programmes.

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Zoometric Characterization of Creole Cows from the Southern Amazon Region of Peru

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Grasslands Using Landsat Data in Livestock Micro-Watersheds in Amazonas (NW Peru)

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Grasslands Using Landsat Data in Livestock Micro-Watersheds in Amazonas (NW Peru)

Genetic diversity and population structure of a Peruvian cattle herd using SNP data

Genomic Insights into the Population History and Adaptive Traits of Latin American Criollo Cattle

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