The coding method of spatial light modulator is the core key of spatial light field
modulation technology, and the needs of the modulation algorithm are different under the specified
mode and application requirements. This paper first reviews the progress made in recent
years in light field control algorithms for digital micromirror devices (DMDs) and liquid crystal
spatial light modulators (LC-SLM). Based on existing algorithms, the impact of optimization
methods is analyzed. Then, the application areas of the different algorithms are summarized, and
the characteristics of the control algorithms are analyzed. In addition, this review highlights
innovative breakthroughs achieved by using various coding schemes and spatial light modulators
(SLM) to manipulate the light field. Finally, critical future challenges facing emerging control
algorithm technologies are outlined, while prospects for developing SLM control algorithms
are proposed.