Zoonosis: Update on Existing and Emerging Vector-Borne Illnesses in the USA

Werner, Sandra; Banda, Bhanu Kirthi; Burnsides, Christopher Lee; Stuber, Alexander James

doi:10.1007/s40138-019-00189-y

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The incubation period for PVD is 1-4 weeks. [89,90] Sequelae in PVD survivors occurs with mutism, and in the long-term, with anarthria (a severe form of dysarthria) and aphasia (loss of ability to understand or express speech).…”

Section: Neurological Symptoms and Sequalae Of Ld And Tbdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological Pain, Psychological Symptoms, and Diagnostic Struggles among Patients with Tick-Borne Diseases

et al. 2022

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Public health reports contain limited information regarding the psychological and neurological symptoms of tick-borne diseases (TBDs). Employing a mixed-method approach, this analysis triangulates three sources of symptomology and provides a comparison of official public health information, case reports, and medical literature, and the self-reported symptoms of patients with Lyme disease and other TBDs. Out of the fifteen neuropsychiatric symptoms reported in the medical literature for common TBDs, headaches and fatigue and/or malaise are the only two symptoms fully recognized by public health officials. Of TBDs, Lyme disease is the least recognized by public health officials for presenting with neuropsychiatric symptoms; only headaches and fatigue are recognized as overlapping symptoms of Lyme disease. Comparisons from a patient symptoms survey indicate that self-reports of TBDs and the associated symptoms align with medical and case reports. Anxiety, depression, panic attacks, hallucinations, delusions, and pain—ranging from headaches to neck stiffness and arthritis—are common among patients who report a TBD diagnosis. Given the multitude of non-specific patient symptoms, and the number and range of neuropsychiatric presentations that do not align with public health guidance, this study indicates the need for a revised approach to TBD diagnosis and for improved communication from official public health sources regarding the wide range of associated symptoms.

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Section: Neurological Symptoms and Sequalae Of Ld And Tbdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological Pain, Psychological Symptoms, and Diagnostic Struggles among Patients with Tick-Borne Diseases

et al. 2022

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“…Worldwide, arthropod vectors play a vital role in the transmission of numerous infectious diseases, causing significant morbidity and mortality [ 1 ], with ticks, assassin bugs, fleas, blackflies, and mosquitoes as the most important groups [ 2 ]. Ticks are second only to mosquitoes in the disease burden they cause by transmitting infectious microbial agents, including causative agents of Lyme disease, spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiosis, Babesiosis, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and human monocytic ehrlichiosis, as well as several arboviruses [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome of Invasive Tick Species Haemaphysalis longicornis in North Carolina, USA

Ponnusamy,

Travanty,

Watson

et al. 2024

Insects

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Ticks are one of the most important vectors of human and animal disease worldwide. In addition to pathogens, ticks carry a diverse microbiota of symbiotic and commensal microorganisms. In this study, we used next-generation sequencing (NGS) to survey the microbiomes of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae) at different life stages collected from field populations in North Carolina (NC), USA. Sequence analyses were performed using QIIME2 with the DADA2 plugin and taxonomic assignments using the Greengenes database. Following quality filtering and rarefaction, the bacterial DNA sequences were assigned to 4795 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) in 105 ticks. A core microbiome of H. longicornis was conserved across all ticks analyzed, and included bacterial taxa: Coxiella, Sphingomonas, Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Sphingomonadaceae, Actinomycetales, and Sphingobium. Less abundant bacterial taxa, including Rickettsia and Aeromonas, were also identified in some ticks. We discovered some ASVs that are associated with human and animal infections among the identified bacteria. Alpha diversity metrics revealed significant differences in bacterial diversity between life stages. Beta diversity metrics also revealed that bacterial communities across the three life stages were significantly different, suggesting dramatic changes in the microbiome as ticks mature. Based on these results, additional investigation is necessary to determine the significance of the Haemaphysalis longicornis microbiome for animal and human health.

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“…Ticks, as vectors of several zoonotic diseases, are ranked second only to mosquitoes as vectors. Among tick-borne conditions, Lyme disease (LD) has a higher incidence [3,4]. Tickborne zoonoses have a high magnitude in North America [5,6], Europe (several countries), and Asia [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Immunologic Method Applied to Tick-Borne Diseases in Brazil

De-Simone

Chino

2022

Pathogens

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Zoonotic-origin infectious diseases are one of the major concerns of human and veterinary health systems. Ticks, as vectors of several zoonotic diseases, are ranked second only to mosquitoes as vectors. Many ticks’ transmitted infections are still endemic in the Americas, Europe, and Africa and represent approximately 17% of their infectious diseases population. Although our scientific capacity to identify and diagnose diseases is increasing, it remains a challenge in the case of tick-borne conditions. For example, in 2017, 160 cases of the Brazilian Spotted Fever (BSF, a tick-borne illness) were confirmed, alarming the notifiable diseases information system. Conversely, Brazilian borreliosis and ehrlichiosis do not require notification. Still, an increasing number of cases in humans and dogs have been reported in southeast and northeastern Brazil. Immunological methods applied to human and dog tick-borne diseases (TBD) show low sensitivity and specificity, cross-reactions, and false IgM positivity. Thus, the diagnosis and management of TBD are hampered by the personal tools and indirect markers used. Therefore, specific and rapid methods urgently need to be developed to diagnose the various types of tick-borne bacterial diseases. This review presents a brief historical perspective on the evolution of serological assays and recent advances in diagnostic tests for TBD (ehrlichiosis, BSF, and borreliosis) in humans and dogs, mainly applied in Brazil. Additionally, this review covers the emerging technologies available in diagnosing TBD, including biosensors, and discusses their potential for future use as gold standards in diagnosing these diseases.

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Zoonosis: Update on Existing and Emerging Vector-Borne Illnesses in the USA

Cited by 9 publications

References 79 publications

Neurological Pain, Psychological Symptoms, and Diagnostic Struggles among Patients with Tick-Borne Diseases

Neurological Pain, Psychological Symptoms, and Diagnostic Struggles among Patients with Tick-Borne Diseases

Microbiome of Invasive Tick Species Haemaphysalis longicornis in North Carolina, USA

Recent Advances in the Immunologic Method Applied to Tick-Borne Diseases in Brazil

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