Zoonotic infections among veterinarians in Turkey: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and beyond

Ergönül, Önder; Zeller, H.; Kılıç, Selçuk; Kutlu, Selda Sayın; Kutlu, Murat; Cavusoglu, Senel; Esen, Berrin; Dokuzoğuz, Başak

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2006.06.005

Cited by 35 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Especially, IL-6 and TNF-a were significantly higher in fatal CCHF than the patients with nonfatal disease. However, levels of IL-10 were not significantly different between these two groups [3]. In a very recent study, Papa et al [23] from Greece also reported similar findings regarding cytokine storm in Albanian patient seen in the outbreak of 2003.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Interestingly, this rate is much higher in other parts of the world where the disease is endemic [1][2][3][4][5]. In this tick-borne viral infection, regional differences of the fatality rates were thought to be related to the availability of advanced medical care facilities and the infection acquisition routes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is an acute infectious disease affecting multiple organ systems and characterized by fever, chills, myalgia, arthralgia, nausea, vomiting, headache, back pain, liver dysfunction, and hemorrhagic manifestations [1,2]. In certain parts of the world, including the countries around the bird migration routes, CCHF constitutes an emerging infectious disease with a disastrous clinical picture and a remarkable fatality rate [1][2][3]. In Turkey, CCHF has been reported endemically in summers of recent 4 years and the disease emerged as a serious public health threat because of its high rate of fatality [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crimean‐Congo hemorrhagic fever: Five patients with hemophagocytic syndrome

Fışgın

Tanyel

et al. 2007

American J Hematol

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Three pediatric and two adult Turkish patients with Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) induced hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) were admitted to Ondokuz Mayis University Hospital, which is in the Middle Black Sea Region of Turkey. All of them had remarkable hemophagocytosis in the bone marrow with severe bleeding symptoms along with the other known clinical and laboratory findings of CCHF. We would like to present these patients and to discuss the pathophysiology and the effect of acquired HPS on the severity of the disease. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crimean‐Congo hemorrhagic fever: Five patients with hemophagocytic syndrome

Fışgın

Tanyel

et al. 2007

American J Hematol

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“…The length of the incubation period appears to depend in part on the mode of acquisition of virus. Following a tick bite, it ranges from 1-5 days, while it is usually 5-7 days following contact with infected blood or tissues, with a maximum of 13 days (Ergonul, 2006;Ergonul et al, 2006c). It has been suggested that immunological effects of substances in tick saliva play a role in accelerating viral dissemination (Jones et al, 1992;Kocakova et al, 1999;Nuttall and Labuda, 2004).…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: History, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical syndrome and genetic diversity

et al. 2013

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Bente, Dennis A.; Forrester, Naomi L.; Watts, Douglas M.; McAuley, Alexander J.; Whitehouse, Chris A.; and Bray, Mike, "CrimeanCongo hemorrhagic fever: History, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical syndrome and genetic diversity" (2013 b s t r a c tCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is the most important tick-borne viral disease of humans, causing sporadic cases or outbreaks of severe illness across a huge geographic area, from western China to the Middle East and southeastern Europe and throughout most of Africa. CCHFV is maintained in vertical and horizontal transmission cycles involving ixodid ticks and a variety of wild and domestic vertebrates, which do not show signs of illness. The virus circulates in a number of tick genera, but Hyalomma ticks are the principal source of human infection, probably because both immature and adult forms actively seek hosts for the blood meals required at each stage of maturation. CCHF occurs most frequently among agricultural workers following the bite of an infected tick, and to a lesser extent among slaughterhouse workers exposed to the blood and tissues of infected livestock and medical personnel through contact with the body fluids of infected patients. CCHFV is the most genetically diverse of the arboviruses, with nucleotide sequence differences among isolates ranging from 20% for the viral S segment to 31% for the M segment. Viruses with diverse sequences can be found within the same geographic area, while closely related viruses have been isolated in far distant regions, suggesting that widespread dispersion of CCHFV has occurred at times in the past, possibly by ticks carried on migratory birds or through the international livestock trade. Reassortment among genome segments during co-infection of ticks or vertebrates appears to have played an important role in generating diversity, and represents a potential future source of novel viruses. In this article, we first review current knowledge of CCHFV, summarizing its molecular biology, maintenance and transmission, epidemiology and geographic range. We also include an extensive discussion of CCHFV genetic diversity, including maps of the range of the virus with superimposed phylogenetic trees. We then review the features of CCHF, including the clinical syndrome, diagnosis, treatment, pathogenesis, vaccine development and laboratory animal models of CCHF. The paper ends with a discussion of the possible future geographic range of the virus. For the benefit of researchers, we include a Supplementary Table listing all published reports of CCHF cases and outbreaks in the English-language literature, plus some principal articles in other languages, with total case numbers, case fatality rates and all CCHFV strains on GenBank.

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“…CCHF are potential occupational hazards among veterinarians and agricultural workers [8]. Similar risks are found in health care workers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Seroprevalence of Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever among health care workers in a hospital in an endemic region of Turkey

Temoçin

Köse

Sarı³

et al. 2018

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) can also be transmitted through unprotected contact directly with blood or body fluids as well as from laboratories. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of CCHF disease in the employees of the State Hospital of Yozgat Province, located in Central Anatolia of Turkey, and also to present the risk factors for healthcare workers. Methodology: A total of 112 volunteer employees of Yozgat State Hospital were included in the study. The study volunteers were divided into two groups: one having had a contact with CCHF patients and patient's samples and the other a non-contact group. Results: In the contact group, 2 (2.9%) out of 67 subjects tested positive for anti-CCHF IgG; however, in the non-contact group, none of the subjects tested positive (Fisher's exact test p > 0.05). Of the two employees who tested positive, one was working at the microbiology laboratory and the other was from the emergency department. Conclusion: Although cases of nosocomial transmission of CCHF have been reported previously, questions on the mode of transmission of the disease are still unanswered. The risk factors for the disease should, therefore, be identified in order to take the necessary measures.

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Zoonotic infections among veterinarians in Turkey: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and beyond

Abstract: Veterinarians should protect themselves against tick bites, and should use masks to prevent transmission by inhalation of zoonotic infections in endemic countries.

Cited by 35 publications

References 21 publications

Crimean‐Congo hemorrhagic fever: Five patients with hemophagocytic syndrome

Crimean‐Congo hemorrhagic fever: Five patients with hemophagocytic syndrome

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: History, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical syndrome and genetic diversity

Seroprevalence of Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever among health care workers in a hospital in an endemic region of Turkey

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