Zoonotic potential of Chlamydophila

Rodolakis, Annie; Mohamad, Khalil Yousef

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.03.014

Cited by 82 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…However, other studies have shown that one species may be isolated from various hosts (4,6,9,13,16,17). Host specificity may be viewed in terms of primary or principal hosts and occasional hosts (20), where the infection usually spreads from the primary host to occasional hosts living in close proximity. This is illustrated in Cp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In accordance with Condon and Oakey (6), we applied a Chlamydiaceae-specific primer pair to screen for positive samples that can be subjected to species identification. Although the immediate treatment of infections by all Chlamydophila species is based on administration of the same group of antibiotics (20), the zoonotic potential of the different species is not equal, and a species determination is therefore required for adequate disease control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…psittaci may cause severe pneumonia and systemic disease in humans, and Cp. abortus may cause human abortion (20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The location and the severity of infection are highly dependent on the species and the host. Frequently, the infection is subclinical and in most animals causes mild conjunctivitis and rhinitis, or it may infect the reproductive system leading to abortion or infertility (20). Birds, especially psittacine, may be subclinically infected with Cp.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Real-Time Detection and Identification of Chlamydophila Species in Veterinary Specimens by Using SYBR Green-Based PCR Assays

Nordentoft

Kabell

Pedersen

2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Infections caused by members of the Chlamydiaceae family have long been underestimated due to the requirement of special laboratory facilities for the detection of this group of intracellular pathogens. Furthermore, new studies of this group of intracellular pathogens have revealed that host specificity of different species is not as clear as recently believed. As most members of the genus Chlamydophila have shown to be transmissible from animals to humans, sensitive and fast detection methods are required. In this study, SYBR green-based real-time assays were developed that detect all members of Chlamydiaceae and differentiate the most prevalent veterinary Chlamydophila species: Cp. psittaci, Cp. abortus, Cp. felis, and Cp. caviae. By adding bovine serum albumin to the master mixes, target DNA could be detected directly in crude lysates of enzymatically digested conjunctival or pharyngeal swabs or tissue specimens from heart, liver, and spleen without further purification. The assays were evaluated on veterinary specimens where all samples were screened using a family-specific PCR, and positive samples were further tested using species-specific PCRs. Cp. psittaci was detected in 47 birds, Cp. felis was found in 10 cats, Cp. caviae was found in one guinea pig, and Cp. abortus was detected in one sheep. The screening assay appeared more sensitive than traditional microscopical examination of stained tissue smears. By combining a fast, robust, and cost-effective method for sample preparation with a highly sensitive family-specific PCR, we were able to screen for Chlamydiaceae in veterinary specimens and confirm the species in positive samples with additional PCR assays.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…psittaci may cause severe pneumonia and systemic disease in humans, and Cp. abortus may cause human abortion (20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real-Time Detection and Identification of Chlamydophila Species in Veterinary Specimens by Using SYBR Green-Based PCR Assays

Nordentoft

Kabell

Pedersen

2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Chronic infection leads to characteristic diffuse granulomatous or pyogranulomatous inflammation of serosal surfaces. In contrast, C. abortus is primarily adapted to sheep and goats, where it can induce abortion, fetal death, and genital disorders (41). The agent also infects cattle, swine, and horses and rarely infects birds, but clinical manifestations are less frequent than in small ruminants.…”

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confidence: 99%

Distinct Intensity of Host-Pathogen Interactions in Chlamydia psittaci- and Chlamydia abortus-Infected Chicken Embryos

et al. 2012

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ABSTRACTFactors and mechanisms determining the differences in virulence and host specificity between the zoonotic agentsChlamydia psittaciandChlamydia abortusare still largely unknown. In the present study, two strains were compared for their invasiveness, virulence, and capability of eliciting an immune response in chicken embryos. On breeding day 10, embryonated chicken eggs were inoculated with 5 × 104inclusion-forming units. As shown by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR,C. psittacidisplayed a significantly better capability of disseminating in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and internal organs thanC. abortus. The higher infectious potential ofC. psittaciin birds was underlined by significantly higher mRNA expression rates of essential chlamydial genes, such asincA,groEL(in CAM, liver, and spleen),cpaf, andftsW(in CAM). Although the immune responses to both pathogens were similar,C. psittacielicited higher macrophage numbers and a stronger expression of a subset of immune-related proteins. The data imply that invasiveness ofChlamydiaspp. and propagation in the host are not solely dependent on the level of host immune response but, even to a greater extent, on the expression of bacterial factors related to virulence. The fact thatC. psittacihas coped far better thanC. abortuswith the avian embryo's response by upregulating essential genes may be a key to understanding the mechanisms underlying host adaptation and etiopathology.

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Zoonotic Transmission of Chlamydia spp.: Known for 140 Years, but Still Underestimated

Borel

Sachse

2023

Zoonoses: Infections Affecting Humans and Animals

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Zoonotic potential of Chlamydophila

Cited by 82 publications

References 92 publications

Real-Time Detection and Identification of Chlamydophila Species in Veterinary Specimens by Using SYBR Green-Based PCR Assays

Real-Time Detection and Identification of Chlamydophila Species in Veterinary Specimens by Using SYBR Green-Based PCR Assays

Distinct Intensity of Host-Pathogen Interactions in Chlamydia psittaci- and Chlamydia abortus-Infected Chicken Embryos

Zoonotic Transmission of Chlamydia spp.: Known for 140 Years, but Still Underestimated

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