Zooplankton of the White Sea: Communities’ Structure, Seasonal Dynamics, Spatial Distribution, and Ecology

Kosobokova, Ksenia; Pertsova, N. M.

doi:10.1007/698_2018_347

Cited by 12 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Copepods of the genus Calanus commonly dominate the biomass of zooplankton in temperate and polar seas and serve as a critical link between microbial primary/secondary production and higher trophic levels, such as fish, birds and marine mammals (Dahl et al, 2003; Falk‐Petersen et al, 2009). In the Arctic Ocean, Calanus are represented by three species, two of which, C. glacialis and C. hyperboreus , are resident to the Arctic, and one, C. finmarchicus , is an expatriate advected with currents from the North Atlantic (Conover, 1988; Hirche & Kosobokova, 2007; Kosobokova, 2012; Wassmann et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the two Arctic Calanus species, C. hyperboreus is typically considered to be a deep basin (oceanic) species with its core distribution area lying in the Greenland Sea and central Arctic Ocean, whereas C. glacialis is classified as an Arctic shelf (neritic) species (Conover, 1988; Hirche & Mumm, 1992; Jaschnov, 1970; Kosobokova, 2012) found in Arctic marginal seas with bottom depths of 50–200 m. Typically, both species compose 80%–90% of total mesozooplankton biomass in their respective environments (Kosobokova, 2012; Kosobokova & Hirche, 2009). Calanus glacialis generally has a 1 or 2 year life cycle (Conover, 1988; Kosobokova, 1999), developing from eggs to wax ester‐rich copepodite stages C4 and C5 within a single year (Scott et al, 2000), and can utilize both lipid reserves and available food to initiate reproduction (Daase et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sea ice decline drives biogeographical shifts of key Calanus species in the central Arctic Ocean

Ershova

Kosobokova

Banas

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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In recent decades, the central Arctic Ocean has been experiencing dramatic decline in sea ice coverage, thickness and extent, which is expected to have a tremendous impact on all levels of Arctic marine life. Here, we analyze the regional and temporal changes in pan‐Arctic distribution and population structure of the key zooplankton species Calanus glacialis and C. hyperboreus in relation to recent changes in ice conditions, based on historical (1993–1998) and recent (2007–2016) zooplankton collections and satellite‐based sea ice observations. We found strong correlations between Calanus abundance/population structure and a number of sea ice parameters. These relationships were particularly strong for C. glacialis, with higher numbers being observed at locations with a lower ice concentration, a shorter distance to the ice edge, and more days of open water. Interestingly, early stages of C. hyperboreus followed the same trends, suggesting that these two species substantially overlap in their core distribution area in the Arctic Ocean. Calanus glacialis and C. hyperboreus have been historically classified as shelf versus basin species, yet we conclude that both species can inhabit a wide range of bottom depths and their distribution in the Arctic Ocean is largely shaped by sea ice dynamics. Our data suggest that the core distribution patterns of these key zooplankton are shifting northwards with retreating sea ice and changing climate conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea ice decline drives biogeographical shifts of key Calanus species in the central Arctic Ocean

Ershova

Kosobokova

Banas

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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“…Copepods of the genus Calanus are the dominant component of the zooplankton in the North Atlantic and the Arctic (Jaschnov ; Fleminger and Hulsemann ; Conover ; Kosobokova et al ; Kosobokova ) and are by far the most studied zooplankton species, with ca. 100 scientific publications per year for the last 30 years ( Web of Science ).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In the North Atlantic and Arctic regions, the Arctic species Calanus glacialis and the smaller north Atlantic Calanus finmarchicus account for most of the zooplankton biomass (Fleminger and Hulsemann ; Hassel ; Blachowiak‐Samolyk ; Søreide et al ; Kosobokova and Hirche ; Kosobokova ). The spatial distribution of these two copepods is linked to the distribution of Arctic and Atlantic waters, respectively, and they are thus considered indicator species for these water masses (Jaschnov ; Jaschnov ; Unstad and Tande ; Bonnet and Frid ; Daase and Eiane ; Helaouët and Beaugrand ; Blachowiak‐Samolyk ; Broms et al ).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Because of convenience, the prosome length measurements (1) have been and remain the most commonly used method to separate the two species (see, for example: Unstad and Tande ; Kwasniewski et al ; Arnkværn et al ; Forest et al ; Hirche and Kosobokova ; Kosobokova ) although several recent studies have demonstrated a size‐overlap in specific regions (Lindeque et al ; Parent et al ; Gabrielsen et al ).…”

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Can morphology reliably distinguish between the copepods Calanus finmarchicus and C. glacialis, or is DNA the only way?

Choquet

Kosobokova

Kwaśniewski

et al. 2018

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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Copepods of the genus Calanus play a key role in marine food webs as consumers of primary producers and as prey for many commercially important marine species. Within the genus, Calanus glacialis and Calanus finmarchicus are considered indicator species for Arctic and Atlantic waters, respectively, and changes in their distributions are frequently used as a tool to track climate change effects in the marine ecosystems of the northern hemisphere. Despite the extensive literature available, discrimination between these two species remains challenging. Using genetically identified individuals, we simultaneously checked the morphological characters in use for C. glacialis and C. finmarchicus identification to compare the results of molecular and morphological identification. We studied the prosome length (1); the antennules and the genital somite pigmentation (2); the morphology of the fifth pair of swimming legs and of the mandible (3). Our results show that none of these morphological criteria can reliably distinguish between C. glacialis and C. finmarchicus. This has severe implications for our current understanding of plankton ecology as a large part of our knowledge of Calanus may be biased due to species misidentification and may subsequently require reinvestigation with the systematic use of molecular tools.

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Гордеев¹,

Lisitsyn²

2018

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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Zooplankton of the White Sea: Communities’ Structure, Seasonal Dynamics, Spatial Distribution, and Ecology

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Sea ice decline drives biogeographical shifts of key Calanus species in the central Arctic Ocean

Sea ice decline drives biogeographical shifts of key Calanus species in the central Arctic Ocean

Can morphology reliably distinguish between the copepods Calanus finmarchicus and C. glacialis, or is DNA the only way?

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