Zr‐Based MOFs with High Drug Loading for Adsorption Removal of Anti‐Cancer Drugs: A Potential Drug Storage

Abstract

A robust and highly water stable series of UiO‐66‐drived MOFs including UiO‐66‐NH2, glycidyl methacrylate functionalized UiO‐66‐NH2 (UiO‐66‐GMA) and ethylenediamine functionalized UiO‐66‐NH2 (UiO‐66‐EDA) were synthesized solvothermally and studied their adsorption performances toward two anti‐cancer drugs, methotrexate (MTX) and curcumin (CUR) in the case of overdose. It was found that functionalizing the surface of UiO‐66‐NH2 nanoparticles with different functional groups remarkably changes the adsorption capacity and the ideal adsorption selectivity of MTX over CUR. Particularly, the UiO‐66‐EDA exhibited the highest adsorption capacities for both drugs, 540.78 and 423.85 mg/g for MTX and CUR, respectively, because of the strong interaction between drug molecules and adsorbent via hydrogen bonding due to the existence of different polar functional groups. The kinetics of drugs adsorption was investigated by three well‐known kinetic models, which the output indicates that the adsorption of both drugs onto the synthesized MOFs follow the pseudo‐second‐order model. Moreover, it was found that the equilibrium adsorption results were well fitted with the Langmuir isotherm models, revealing that the adsorption of both drugs onto the synthesized MOFs is a monolayer adsorption process. Further investigation illustrated that the synthesized MOFs could be easily activated and reused after four successive adsorption–desorption cycles. The output of the present work is of main important for biomedical and environmental applications of MOFs as an outstanding adsorbent for adsorption removal of hazardous drugs from contaminated aqueous solutions.

Adsorption Behavior of a Gd-Based Metal–Organic Framework toward the Quercetin Drug: Effect of the Activation Condition

“…The first mass loss step occurred at temperatures between 145 and 186 °C, which is attributed to the evaporation of guest DMF molecules remaining in the pores of nanoparticles. 7 It is clear that the weight loss of the 0d-DMF sample is relatively higher than that of other activated samples. This observation indicates the presence of more DMF molecules in the porous structure of the MOF.…”

“…As shown, a two-stage mass loss is observed. The first mass loss step occurred at temperatures between 145 and 186 °C, which is attributed to the evaporation of guest DMF molecules remaining in the pores of nanoparticles . It is clear that the weight loss of the 0d-DMF sample is relatively higher than that of other activated samples.…”

“…Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are hybrid inorganic–organic porous materials. The inorganic part includes metal ions (clusters), and the organic part consists of bridging linkers between the metal ions. − In recent years, MOFs have attracted the attention of researchers, especially those working in the biotechnology field including drug delivery, drug adsorption, image contrast agents (CAs), and tissue engineering. − The popularity of MOFs is due to their crystalline structure, porosity, high surface area, ease of functionalization, and tunable size. − Among various MOFs, lanthanide-containing MOFs are intriguing in the bioimaging field. The metal in this class of MOFs shows photoluminescence and magnetic properties, which can play the role of a CA in imaging and as a result make lanthanide MOFs promising multifunctional materials for treatments, biosensors, and imaging. − …”

Two-Fold Homointerpenetrated Metal–Organic Framework with the Potential for Anticancer Drug Loading Using Computational Simulations

“…Several reports have indicated the valuable role of the functionalization of MOFs with the −NO 2 group in various applications, such as catalytic activity, , CO 2 adsorption, and enzyme mimic activity (Table ). The presence of the polar group in the structure of MOFs with the ability to make interactions with guest molecules (such as hydrogen bonding) could improve the potential of MOFs for better performances in different applications, including drug delivery . Interpenetrating MOFs (IMOFs), a subgroup of entangled MOFs, exhibit enhanced structural stability.…”

“…25 The presence of the polar group in the structure of MOFs with the ability to make interactions with guest molecules (such as hydrogen bonding) could improve the potential of MOFs for better performances in different applications, including drug delivery. 26 Interpenetrating MOFs (IMOFs), a subgroup of entangled MOFs, exhibit enhanced structural stability. Chemical bond breaking is needed for the network separation of these MOFs.…”