ZrO₂–MoO₃ for the Acetalization of 1,3-Propanediol from Dilute Solutions

Abstract

A reactive isolation approach for the recovery of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) from dilute aqueous solutions was performed on ZrO2–MoO3 solid heterogeneous catalysts through a cyclic reaction with aldehyde to form acetals (2-methyl-1,3-dioxane, 2MD). The effects of catalyst composition, reaction temperature, reaction time, and optimal dose on the conversion rates of acetalization and hydrolysis were investigated. For ZrO2–10 wt % MoO3 prepared by the precipitation–impregnation method, the conversion rate of 1,3-PD in acetalization reached 95.7% at 60 °C for 2 h, and the acetals conversion in the hydrolysis reaction reached 97.0% at 100 °C for 10 h. The stability test showed that the 1,3-PD conversion rate still reached 87.3% after five cycles of use. In terms of the catalytic activity in acetalization, the 10 wt % catalyst exhibited much higher selectivity in the simulated fermentation liquid for 1,3-PD than ethanol, 2,3-butanediol, and glycerol. This indicates that ZrO2–10 wt % MoO3 mixed oxide has the best characteristics for the extraction of 1,3-PD from dilute aqueous solutions.

Bifunctional Sulfonated MoO3–ZrO2 Binary Oxide Catalysts for the One-Step Synthesis of 2,5-Diformylfuran from Fructose

“…The XRD patterns of the MZS catalysts with different molybdenum oxide loadings are shown in Figure . There are no obvious peaks for MoO 3 , indicating the good dispersion of MoO 3 on ZrO 2 . For the sample of 5-MZS, the ZrO 2 shows both tetragonal phase and monoclinic phase.…”

“…There are no obvious peaks for MoO 3 , indicating the good dispersion of MoO 3 on ZrO 2 . 32 For the sample of 5-MZS, the ZrO 2 shows both tetragonal phase and monoclinic phase. The intensity of all the peaks becomes weaker and finally disappears with the increase of MoO 3 loading, indicating that the strong interaction between ZrO 2 and MoO 3 impedes the transformation of amorphous ZrO 2 from tetragonal phase ZrO 2 .…”

One-Pot Conversion of Bio-oil to Diesel- and Jet-Fuel-Range Hydrocarbons in Supercritical Cyclohexane

“…ZrO 2 support was synthesized according to the reported method. , Ten grams (10 g) of ZrOCl 2 ·8H 2 O was dissolved in 50 mL deionized water, and then the solution was heated and maintained at 100 °C with vigorous stirring. Ammonium hydroxide was slowly added dropwise into the solution and obtained a final pH of 9–10.…”

Microbial production of short chain diols

“…A low-cost sulfonated carbonbased catalyst was used for reactive extraction of 1,3-PDO from model fermentation mixture giving a conversion of 92% with 0.7 g catalyst/ 1 g 1,3-PDO [106]. ZrO 2 − MoO 3 solid heterogeneous catalyst was used in a reactive isolation approach for the recovery of 1,3-PDO from dilute aqueous solutions playing catalytic roles in both acetalization of 1,3-PDO and hydrolysis of 2-methyl-1,3-dioxane [107]. For ZrO 2 − 10 wt % MoO 3 , the conversion rate of 1,3-PDO in acetalization reached 96%, and the acetals conversion in the hydrolysis reaction reached 97%.…”