Zucht von Tupaia glis Diard 1820 (Tupaiidae, Prosimiae) in Gefangenschaft

Sprankel, H.

doi:10.1007/bf00628673

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In addition to these experiments on monkeys, early studies with tree shrews infected with strain V had attracted attention as a BDV model. As outlined later, these animals acquired a persistent infection and showed significant alterations in principal patterns of natural behaviour (179,180).…”

Section: Infection and Disease In Humansmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Behavioural changes as the principal clinical signs were first observed in infected tree shrews, animals with primate-like morphological organ-structures (e.g. hand, ear) (179). Clear alterations in major behavioural patterns of communicative and reproductive behaviour were recognised (e.g.…”

Section: The Two Remaining Rats Were Infected At Two Months Of Age An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Borna disease virus: new aspects on infection, disease, diagnosis and epidemiology

Ludwig

Bode²

2000

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

137

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A 'disease of the head' affecting horses, as described in the 17th Century is now known as Borna disease. Research over the past 100 years has established that the aetiological agent, Borna disease virus (BDV), is an unsegmented, single-and negative-stranded, enveloped ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus which represents the family Bornaviridae in the order Mononegavirales.The virus exists world-wide in horses, sheep, cattle, cats, dogs and ostriches. The infection can be fatal, but the majority of carriers are persistently infected without showing symptoms. The association with psychiatric diseases in humans led to an international explosion of research on BDV, with centres established in Germany, the United States of America and Japan. Experimental infections of tree shrews and rats served to examine the effects of persistent and overt disease, most excitingly, virus-induced behavioural changes, and emotional and learning deficits. This 'emerging' virus infection shows complex pathogenetic mechanisms in the nervous system, but also spreads through myelo-monocytic cells. Diagnosis can be made serologically, but detection of antigen markers in peripheral white blood cells, combined with nucleic acid amplification is more profitable. Comparative RNA studies reveal an unusually high genetic homology of viruses. Isolates recovered from humans and equines suggest species-specificity. Vaccination is not an advisable strategy, but antiviral therapy, especially with amantadine sulphate, promises efficacy in human mood disorders, and is effective in vitro. Infections with BDV follow a vulnerability principle to cause disease. Although cross-species transmission of this commensal virus has not been proven, zoonotic aspects of BDV should be carefully considered.

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Section: Infection and Disease In Humansmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: The Two Remaining Rats Were Infected At Two Months Of Age An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Borna disease virus: new aspects on infection, disease, diagnosis and epidemiology

Ludwig

Bode²

2000

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Sprankel [1961] and K aufmann (un published) also noted this behavior; they also noted " m arking" with urine or feces by caged animals. Male tupaia secrete a sticky, yellowish substance from chest glands (Sprankel [1961 a]). Among males, only the most aggressive (No.…”

Section: Observations On Social Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term " tree shrew" is a more general term , applying to the subfamilies Tupaiinae and Ptilocercinae. Sprankel [1961] examined the behavior and breeding of T.glis in captivity and reviewed the earlier studies of the Tupaiidae. The behavior of this species in captivity was also the subject of a study by K aufmann (unpublished manuscript).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding, Activity and Social Behavior of the Tree Shrew, Tupaia Glis, in a Large Outdoor Enclosure

Vandenbergh¹

1963

IJFP

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“…Our present hypothesis that Bornavirus infection interferes with, and from time to time controls one of the key neurotransmitter systems [glutamate?. 28,29], re sponsible for mood regulation, is to a large extent support ed by experimental BDV infections, particularly of tree shrews (Tupaiaglis) and rats [22,67], Tree shrews are animals with brain structures and functions closely related to those of primates [66], The infection leads to a lifelong virus persistence. After the first weeks of infection most of the animals show obvious behavioral alterations which manifest themselves in al tered comfort behavior, spacial and temporal disorienta tion, increasing docility, less timidity and most interest ingly, in altered social behavior.…”

Section: Neurological Disease and Neuropsychiatrymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neuropathogenesis of Borna Disease Virus Infections

Ludwig

Bode²

1997

Intervirology

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The unique genetic and biological properties of this small enveloped RNA virus indicate that Borna disease virus (BDV) is an evolutionary old pathogen. It appears perfectly adapted to persist inside the limbic system, a most delicate and sensitive old area of the mammalian brain involved in the control of mood, behavior, and memory. In many infected individuals, BDV remains a commensal during their lifetime. In a minority of vulnerable subjects, BDV becomes frequently activated, leading to episodes of distinct, more or less severe disturbances of information processing, behavioral and mood alterations. BDV research in humans is anticipated to initiate new insights into the interplay of exogenous and endogenous factors governing mood disorders. In nature BDV preferentially behaves as a neurotropic virus, but may latently and/or persistently infect cells of the reticuloendothelial system. This has been shown to be of great diagnostic importance, because now BDV ‘footprints’ can be followed in vivo in animals and man. BDV, which has long been considered as a classical animal virus, is present in humans, and has been found to be associated with some defined psychiatric disorders in particularly vulnerable individuals. An interaction of BDV proteins with neurotransmitter activities is plausible in the light of experimental animal data. Interference with normal behavior and the influence on mood and cognitive functions as demonstrated in animals and assumed in humans require extensive future research on the molecular etiopathogenesis. Aside from these clinical aspects, BDV is an unusual agent with outstanding features, namely replication in the nucleus of its target cells by an elusive, partially unknown mechanism, showing no cytopathogenicity or disturbance of vital cell functions, but altering luxury functions, and with a lifelong persistence giving rise to periods of long latency and short activation.

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Zucht von Tupaia glis Diard 1820 (Tupaiidae, Prosimiae) in Gefangenschaft

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Borna disease virus: new aspects on infection, disease, diagnosis and epidemiology

Borna disease virus: new aspects on infection, disease, diagnosis and epidemiology

Feeding, Activity and Social Behavior of the Tree Shrew, Tupaia Glis, in a Large Outdoor Enclosure

The Neuropathogenesis of Borna Disease Virus Infections

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