Zum Umgang mit aquatischen Organismen

Adam, Beate; Schürmann, Maren; Schwevers, Ulrich

doi:10.1007/978-3-658-01538-1

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Subsequent to the collection, drift samples were immediately checked for fish larvae and eggs. Ichthyoplankton was anesthetised and killed with a 20‐fold overdose (concentration according to Adam et al., 2013) of MS‐222 (tricaine methanesulfonate) and subsequently preserved in 96% ethanol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Going with the flow: Spatio‐temporal drift patterns of larval fish in a large alpine river

et al. 2021

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Fish larval drift is an essential step in the life cycle of riverine fish species as it determines dispersal and colonisation. Anthropogenic flow alterations and interruption of longitudinal and lateral connectivity by river damming and straightening can severely affect larval drift patterns. In this study, we characterised spatio‐temporal drift patterns of fish larvae in the heavily regulated large alpine River Inn and within a constructed nature‐like fish bypass. Drift was investigated in the main reproduction period of the fish fauna in this river, ranging from mid‐April to end of June. Diel patterns were assessed by samples taken during day, dusk, night, and dawn each day of sampling. To obtain robust species identification, we used DNA barcoding for genetic verification of phenotypically pre‐sorted groups. From a total of 1,069 fish larvae and 283 fish eggs caught, DNA barcoding revealed 16 species from five families, including several target species of conservation. We found strong evidence that several endangered species, such as Chondrostoma nasus, Thymallus thymallus, Cottus gobio, and Aspius aspius successfully reproduced in the bypass system. Genetic species verification showed a high level of homogeneity in most phenotypically pre‐sorted groups. Distinct seasonal patterns were observed, with the majority of fish species in the drift observed in mid‐June. Thymallus thymallus and Cottus gobio dominated larval drift at the beginning of the observation followed by mainly unimodal abundance peaks of several Cyprinid species. Nocturnal drift prevailed in all species. Our results on the spatial occurrence and abundances of fish larvae highlight the importance of bypass systems in heavily modified waterbodies to provide valuable spawning habitats and drift corridors around dams. Moreover, the distinct species‐specific time patterns of larval drift represent a first basis to direct future discharge and river management plans in large alpine rivers towards a protection of the sensitive larval stages of specific target species of conservation. This includes bypass and turbine operation modes in the period of highest drift activity, as well as the construction of nature‐like bypass systems and creation of spawning grounds therein.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Going with the flow: Spatio‐temporal drift patterns of larval fish in a large alpine river

et al. 2021

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“…The experiment was approved for appropriate animal care and use according to European laws ( European Parliament, 2010 ) as well as national standards and guidelines ( Adam, Schürmann & Schwevers, 2013 ) by the Bavarian Government (permit number ROB-55.2-2532.Vet_02-15-31). Application documents received ethical approval by the TUM animal welfare officer and the Ethical Commission of the Bavarian Government prior to permission.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All dead fish were frozen at −20 °C in zip-lock bags with an individual barcode and later evaluation of internal injuries (“immediate mortality” and “delayed mortality”). Severely damaged fish with minor vital functions (see Mueller, Pander & Geist, 2017 ) were euthanized using a tenfold overdose of MS 222 ( Adam, Schürmann & Schwevers, 2013 ) and were also frozen. Additionally, a random reference sample of five fully vital fish from the groups “treatment fish”, “sham fish” and “control fish” was euthanized and frozen immediately after external injury evaluation (“immediate reference”) and after completion of the 96 h holding period (“delayed reference”).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing turbine passage effects on internal fish injury and delayed mortality using X-ray imaging

Mueller

Sternecker

Milz

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Knowledge on the extent and mechanisms of fish damage caused by hydropower facilities is important for the conservation of fish populations. Herein, we assessed the effects of hydropower turbine passage on internal fish injuries using X-ray technology. A total of 902 specimens from seven native European fish species were screened for 36 types of internal injuries and 86 external injuries evaluated with a previously published protocol. The applied systematic visual evaluation of X-ray images successfully detected skeletal injuries, swim bladder anomalies, emphysema, free intraperitoneal gas and hemorrhages. Injuries related to handling and to impacts of different parts of the hydropower structure could be clearly distinguished applying multivariate statistics and the data often explained delayed mortality within 96 h after turbine passage. The internal injuries could clearly be assigned to specific physical impacts resulting from turbine passage such as swim bladder rupture due to abrupt pressure change or fractures of skeletal parts due to blade-strike, fluid shear or severe turbulence. Generally, internal injuries were rarely depicted by external evaluation. For example, 29% of individuals with vertebral fractures did not present externally visible signs of severe injury. A combination of the external and internal injury evaluation allows quantifying and comparing fish injuries across sites, and can help to identify the technologies and operational procedures which minimize harm to fish in the context of assessing hydropower-related fish injuries as well as in assessing fish welfare.

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“…The animal experiments in this study were carried out following national animal care laws and regulations, and all procedures were approved for appropriate animal care by the ethics commission of the Bavarian government (permit number ROB-55.2-2532.Vet_02- [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Discomfort or pain of the fish was minimized according to European standards [28] and national guidelines for the use of aquatic animals in scientific experiments [29].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Passage and Injury Risk at a Surface Bypass of a Small-Scale Hydropower Plant

et al. 2019

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In contrast to the efforts made to develop functioning fishways for upstream migrants, the need for effective downstream migration facilities has long been underestimated. The challenge of developing well-performing bypasses for downstream migrants involves attracting the fish to the entrance and transporting them quickly and unharmed into the tailrace. In this study, the acceptance of different opening sizes of a surface bypass as well as the injuries which fish experience during the passage were examined. Overall bypass acceptance was low compared to the turbine passage. There was no significant difference in the number of downstream moving fish between the small and the large bypass openings. Across all fish species, no immediate mortality was detected. Severe injuries such as amputations or bruises were only rarely detected and at low intensity. Scale losses, tears and hemorrhages in the fins and dermal lesions at the body were the most common injuries, and significant species-specific differences were detected. To increase bypass efficiency, it would likely be useful to offer an alternative bottom bypass in addition to the existing surface bypass. The bypass injury potential could be further reduced by structural improvements at the bypass, such as covering protruding components.

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Zum Umgang mit aquatischen Organismen

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Going with the flow: Spatio‐temporal drift patterns of larval fish in a large alpine river

Going with the flow: Spatio‐temporal drift patterns of larval fish in a large alpine river

Assessing turbine passage effects on internal fish injury and delayed mortality using X-ray imaging

Fish Passage and Injury Risk at a Surface Bypass of a Small-Scale Hydropower Plant

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