Zumbido crônico: análise das contribuições clínicas de diferentes avaliações audiológicas

Abstract

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar se há diferenças nos achados audiológicos periféricos e centrais entre indivíduos com limiares auditivos normais com e sem zumbido crônico e, com isso, entender quais exames auditivos são importantes nessa população. Métodos A amostra foi composta por conveniência, incluindo indivíduos de 18 a 59 anos, divididos em dois grupos: grupo 1 (G1), formado por sujeitos sem queixa de zumbido crônico e grupo 2 (G2), por indivíduos com zumbido crônico. A avaliação consistiu nos seguintes procedimentos: anamnese, audiometria de altas frequências (AAF), emissões otoacústicas transientes (EOAT), potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico (PEATE)-clique, frequency following response (FFR) e o potencial evocado auditivo de longa latência (PEALL)-fala. Resultados O G2 apresentou valores aumentados para a AFF, com diferenças significativas. Para ambos os grupos, a EOAT mostrou predominância de presença de respostas. No PEATE, não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas. No FFR, o G1 obteve maior amplitude de onda V e houve maior ocorrência de ausências no PEALL dos potenciais P1, N2 e P300, no G2. Conclusão A AAF, a análise da relação da onda V/I do PEATE, o FFR e o PEALL identificaram alterações nos indivíduos com zumbido crônico, demonstrando que tais procedimentos são promissores na avaliação dessa população.

Auditory skills in young adults with and without tinnitus perception: a comparative study

“…This study is in line with the specialized literature, since previous studies have shown the changes caused by the symptom of tinnitus in the CANS, which manifests itself in the functional capacity and, consequently, in the negative self-perception of these individuals, which may be correlated with speech decoding and comprehension (4,6,(17)(18)(19) . In addition, this study is pertinent due to the characteristics of the population studied, i.e.…”

“…Finally, the symptom causes changes in the neuroplastic functioning of the auditory pathway, which can impair functional capacity, negatively impacting speech understanding in this population (4) . Understanding these findings is of paramount importance for the speech therapy clinic, in order to reduce the damage to quality of life caused by tinnitus disorder, as well as to clarify whether this disorder really causes such difficulties.…”

“…Therefore, for the intervention process to be effective, an individualized treatment program is necessary (2) . It is not uncommon for tinnitus to be associated with complaints of difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments and cognitive impairment, which can lead to problems with attention, concentration, sleep, anxiety and depression (1)(2)(3)(4) .…”

“…Researchers have reported that the presence of tinnitus seems to resemble the presence of a competing background noise, which can negatively influence the processing of auditory information. In addition, there is evidence that tinnitus disorder may be related to neuroplastic changes in the central auditory nervous system (CANS) (4) . Impairment in the processing of auditory information can occur in various types of auditory skills, such as figure-ground, auditory closure, integration and temporal resolution (6,7) .…”

“…Changes in auditory skills can lead to a disorder in the perception of verbal and non-verbal sounds, which will directly involve acoustic, phonemic and linguistic processing. In addition, inadequate sound perception can hinder functional auditory capacity and can influence the well-being and quality of life of each individual (4,(6)(7)(8) .…”