Zur Auswertung hustenstillender Arzneimittel

Domenjoz, R

doi:10.1007/bf00245581

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…1. This method of stimulation was also tried in dogs, but, like Domenjoz (1952), we failed to produce a similar effect in this species.A simple mechanical method-passing a thin polythene tube in and out of the trachea two or three times-was used to elicit short bursts of coughing in anaesthetized cats, dogs. and guinea-pigs.…”

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confidence: 75%

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The Action of Analgesics and Nalorphine on the Cough Reflex

Green

Ward

1955

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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Although the effects of various morphine-like analgesics on pain, respiration, body temperature, and gastrointestinal propulsion have been extensively examined and compared in several animal species, the antitussive action of these compounds has received relatively little attention. We therefore compared analgesics of several distinct chemical types, and also pholcodine and narcotine. For most of these comparisons we used the method of Domenjoz (1952) (Dickinson, 1950). The pulse potential (usually 1-5 volts) was adjusted so as to cause a series of inspiratory gasps. These were recorded by a lightly sprung lever attached by a thread to the skin just below the sternum. An example of the type of tracing obtained is shown in Fig. 1. This method of stimulation was also tried in dogs, but, like Domenjoz (1952), we failed to produce a similar effect in this species.A simple mechanical method-passing a thin polythene tube in and out of the trachea two or three times-was used to elicit short bursts of coughing in anaesthetized cats, dogs. and guinea-pigs.Chemical stimulation was also used in unconscious animals. In cats and guinea-pigs 0.05 ml. (or less if effective) of S02 at atmospheric pressure, withdrawn fioom an S02 syphon in a syringe, was introduced into the tracheal cannula. This regularly caused coughing when, as in our experiments, an interval of about 8 min. was allowed between tests. In dogs these small volumes of undiluted S02 did not always induce coughing, and after larger amounts the animals frequently became refractory. More consistent responses were obtained by making the animal breathe an approximately I :100 dilution of S02 in air from a bag until coughing occurred or for a maximum of 3 breaths, but some animals became refractory, and we have therefore reported only those experiments in which the S02 effect subsequently returned after suppression by an analgesic. Like the responses to electrical stimulation, those due to mechanical and chemical irritation were recorded from the abdomen except in three experiments in which a body plethysmograph, of the type described by Dawes, Mott, and Widdicombe (1951), was used to examine the nature of the responses more closely. These were found after each of the three types of stimulation to consist of one or more deep inspirations each followed by rapid forced expiration. The first inspiration was usually, but not invariably, preceded by a rapid expiratory movement.Analgesics and other drugs were given intravenously in all experiments. In most experiments, including all of those in Table I, increasing doses in the series 001, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, 10, and 30 mg./kg. were given. Sufficient time for recovery, or 10 min. after ineffective amounts, was generally allowed between doses.Development of acute tolerance to the respiratory depressant action of codeine was investigated in cats anaesthetized with pentobarbitone sodium by comparing the action on respiratory minute-volume (recorded as by Gaddum, 1941) of a single large dose of codeine with that of a series...

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confidence: 75%

“…We therefore compared analgesics of several distinct chemical types, and also pholcodine and narcotine. For most of these comparisons we used the method of Domenjoz (1952) (Dickinson, 1950). The pulse potential (usually 1-5 volts) was adjusted so as to cause a series of inspiratory gasps.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Action of Analgesics and Nalorphine on the Cough Reflex

Green

Ward

1955

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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“…If the expiratory neurons described by Engelhorn and Weller were involved in the SL-RL nerve reflex in our experi ment, it seems probable that such reflex was depressed by codeine. However, intravenous injection of antitussive drugs or pentobarbital in doses that suppress cough (18,19) did not modify the evoked discharges of the RL nerve due to a single shock to the ipsilateral SL nerve. Therefore, in spite of the polysynaptic nature, the RL nerve reflex from the SL nerve was considered to tolerate depressants such as pentobarbital.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effects of Antitussive Drugs on the Activity of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve in Cats

Mori¹,

Sakai²

1975

Jpn.J.Pharmacol

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Abstract-Reflex responses in the recurrent laryngeal (RL) nerve to stimulation of the superior laryngeal (SL) nerve and the effects of antitussive drugs on these reflex re sponses were studied in order to elucidate the site of action of these drugs in encephale isole cats. The RL nerve fibers were classified into four types by discharge patterns in respect to phases of artificial ventilation; type I: no spontaneous discharges, type II: discharges in phase with inflation of the lung, type III: discharges in phase with deflation of the lung, type IV: tonic discharges.Repetitive stimulation of the SL nerve elicited tonic burst discharges or short burst discharges in all types of RL nerve, while the same procedure inhibited ongoing discharges of the type III and IV fib: rs only. The inhibited fibers tended to have slow conduction velocities (20-80 m/sec). Administration of antitussive drugs such as codeine, dextro methorphan and oxymetebanol as well as pentobarbital decreased the frequency of the after spike dis chargesin the RL nerves evoked following repetitive shocks to the SL nerve, but had no effects on the inhibition of RL nerve discharges evoked by the stimulation of the same nerve. The neuropharmacological implication of these findings as related to the cough reflex are discussed.The special role of the glottis in the cough is well known (1). The glottis closes for a short time and then suddenly opens very early in the process of expiration. The activity in the recurrent laryngeal (RL) nerve either opens or closes the larynx through contraction of the corresponding musculatures (2, 3). Histological and physiological studies have shown that the ambigLius nucleus is the motor nucleus of the RL nerve (4, 5).In a previous report, a preliminary intracellular study of the ambiguus neurons was per formed and polysynaptic excitatory postsynatic potentials (EPSP) from the superior laryngeal (SL) nerve were recorded (6). However, the small size of the ambiguus motoneurons im peded the stable recording of the synaptic potentials responsible for the contraction of the glottis during repetitive stimulation of the SL nerve, thus making a quantitative assessment of the change during the time course of drug action almost impossible. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to obtain more information on the motoneurons by recording activity of the motor axons in the RL nerve which induce contraction of the laryngeal muscles and to ascertain the effects of certain antitussive drugs and pentobarbital on the RL nerve in cats.

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“…Coughs were induced by electrical stimulation of central stump of the superior laryngeal nerve (parameter of stimulus: frequency, 20 c.p.s. ; duration, 1 msec; voltage, 0.48-3.8 V) in cats lightly anesthetized with pentobarbital (6). The antitussive effect was determined from the elevation of threshold voltage and the decrease in amplitude and frequency of coughs.…”

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confidence: 99%