Zur Gasphasenpyrolyse von 2‐Ethinyl‐1,3‐butadien und dessen thermischer Cycloisomerisierung

The cross‐conjugated allenes (“allenic dendralenes”) 2‐allenylbuta‐1,3‐diene (2), 1,1‐divinylallene (3, prepared here as the methyl derivative 49), and 1,1‐diallenylethene (4) are prepared either by SN2′‐substitution processes from appropriate allenic or acetylenic precursors or by base‐catalyzed isomerizations of propargylic substrates. Thermal elimination/isomerization routes to these highly unsaturated hydrocarbons require reaction conditions under which these allenes undergo secondary transformations. The new oligoolefins, the structures of which have been calculated by MP2 methods, are interesting substrates for addition and isomerization reactions.

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Addition and Cyclization Reactions in the Thermal Conversion of Hydrocarbons with an Enyne Structure, 5. High‐Temperature Ring Closures of 1,3‐Hexadien‐5‐ynes to Naphthalenes – Competing Reactions via Isoaromatics, Alkenylidene Carbenes, and Vinyl‐type Radicals

Hofmann

Schulz

Altmann

et al. 1997

Liebigs Ann./Recl.

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The 4-substituted 1-phenyl-1-butene-3-ynes la-c and the 2-ethynylstyrenes 7a-c were subjected to high-temperature pyrolysis. The cycloisomerization products isolated suggest that these are formed by three competing processes: by (i) an electrocyclic or a molecule-induced, (ii) an alkenylidene carbene controlled, and (iii) a radical-controlled ring-closure process. To estimate the relative importance of these three reactions here mentioned, the substrates have been isomerized in oxygen-free nitrogen and in nitrogen proportionally substituted by toluene at 700 and 650 "C, respectively. The relative contributions of these isomerizations depend not only on the conversion temperature but also on the substituent R in 1 or 7.Highly unsaturated acetylenes -among them 1,3-hexadiene-5-ynes -are known to be formed as reactive intermediates in fuel-rich hydrocarbon flames.They have been considered as an important source of the formation of aromatic hydrocarbons in the hot waste gases from combustion, but there is little experimental evidence about the details of the actually occurring processes. Under conditions similar to those in the down-stream section of combustion, concerning a temperature range from 1000 down to < 500 "C, it is quite likely that unimolecular reactions, like electro- In order to learn more about these competing reactions, we decided to study the cycloisomerization of the hexadien-ynes l a -l c (Scheme 1) and 7a-7c (Scheme 2) to the corresponding naphthalenes at 700 and 650 "C, respectively, and additionally the temperature dependence of the naphthalene formation from l a at temperatures between 625 and 750 "C in greater detail. From our previous studies we knew that the unimolecular electrocyclic (molecule induced) ring closures and those involving alkenylidene carbenes are independent of the nature of the diluent gas whereas the corresponding radical reactions can be significantly influenced by chemically modified diluents.In this paper, we describe a procedure which allows one to calculate the proportions in which electrocyclizations/ molecul induced ring closures as well as reaction cascades via alkenylidene carbenes and vinyl-type radicals take part in the cyclization of substituted 1,3-hexadien-5-ynes. ResultsThermal Conversion of 1-Phenyl-1-buten-3-ynes la-l c Trimethylsilyl-substituted cisltvuns-1 -phenyl-l-buten-3-yne (lc) was prepared by Pd-catalyzed coupling of pbromostyrene and trimethylsilylacetylene as described in It served as a starting compound for pyrolysis runs and also for the synthesis of l a . For the latter purpose, l c was almost quantitatively desilylated by treatment with an alcoholic sodium hydroxide solution, [141[151 and the resulting I -phenyl-l-buten-3-yne was converted into l a by deuterium exchange with a 5% solution of NaOD in D20.

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Zur Gasphasenpyrolyse von 2‐Ethinyl‐1,3‐butadien und dessen thermischer Cycloisomerisierung

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

ChemInform Abstract: Gas‐Phase Pyrolysis of 2‐Ethinyl‐1,3‐butadiene and Its Thermal Cycloisomerization.

ChemInform Abstract: Gas‐Phase Pyrolysis of 2‐Ethinyl‐1,3‐butadiene and Its Thermal Cycloisomerization.

The Preparation and Structures of Several Cross‐Conjugated Allenes (“Allenic Dendralenes”)

Addition and Cyclization Reactions in the Thermal Conversion of Hydrocarbons with an Enyne Structure, 5. High‐Temperature Ring Closures of 1,3‐Hexadien‐5‐ynes to Naphthalenes – Competing Reactions via Isoaromatics, Alkenylidene Carbenes, and Vinyl‐type Radicals

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