“…Policy design can be defined as “an activity—based on deliberate attempts to pursue policy goals through gathering and applying knowledge—that occurs in specific spaces, depends on contextual conditions, and is constrained by the previous design, which structurally limits the possibility of a radically new design” (Capano, , p. 1). Applying the state centered policy design (e.g., Howlett, Mukherjee, & Woo, , p. 3) to our empirical case, we contest the common perspective that TNE is mainly driven by global profit oriented market demands and by the pursuit of either financial resources or reputation (Knight, ; Raev, , p. 237; Wildavsky, ). Instead, we propose to take into consideration historically grown institutional arrangements as well as attempts by competing nation state actors to regulate, steer, or even dominate the field of TNE.…”