Zwitterionic copolymerization of γ-butyrolactone with 3,3-bis(chloromethyl) oxacyclobutane catalyzed by scandium triflates

Abstract

Zwitterionic copolymerization of γ-butyrolactone with 3,3-bis(chloromethyl) oxacyclobutane is catalyzed by scandium triflates generating random linear and cyclic copolymer.

Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities of Poly(γ-butyrolactone)-Based Recyclable Polymers

“…To further improve the polymer performance, copolymerization was utilized as an effective strategy to tailor material property by the combination of certain desirable characteristics of two or more homopolymers. − Based on the advances of efficient polymerization of GBL at low temperature and high monomer concentration, ring-opening copolymerizations (ROCOP) of nonstrained GBL and high-strained cyclic monomers achieved progress to prepare block and random copolymers with controlled structures and varied properties (Figure ). It is notable that the utilization of a comonomer contributed to an elevation of polymerization temperature above the ceiling temperature. − For example, the addition of comonomer ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) enabled the copolymerization at room temperature, and copolymers with molecular weights up to 135 kg/mol were obtained . Similar results were observed for l -lactide (LLA) and 3,3-bis­(chloromethyl) oxacyclobutane (CO). , The comonomers include various lactones and epoxides, such as ε-CL, δ-valerolactone (δ-VL), ω-pentadecalactone (PDL), LLA, CO, glycolic acid (GA), and 3,4-T6GBL.…”

“…It is notable that the utilization of a comonomer contributed to an elevation of polymerization temperature above the ceiling temperature. − For example, the addition of comonomer ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) enabled the copolymerization at room temperature, and copolymers with molecular weights up to 135 kg/mol were obtained . Similar results were observed for l -lactide (LLA) and 3,3-bis­(chloromethyl) oxacyclobutane (CO). , The comonomers include various lactones and epoxides, such as ε-CL, δ-valerolactone (δ-VL), ω-pentadecalactone (PDL), LLA, CO, glycolic acid (GA), and 3,4-T6GBL.…”

“…When the comonomer was changed into LLA, the block copolymer of PGBL 44 - b -PLLA 49 exhibited two microphase separations, which displayed two melting points (∼56 °C and ∼165 °C) . Functional comonomer CO provided the opportunity of postpolymerization quaternization of N -methylimidazole (MI), which enabled copolymer ( M n GPC = 2.2–36.9 kg/mol, Đ = 1.10–1.80) self-assembly in aqueous solution (Figure b) . Another amphiphilic poly­(ethylene glycol)- b -poly­(γ-butyrolactone) (PEG- b -PGBL) ( M n = 5.5–13.1 kg/mol, Đ = 1.30–2.66) was explored with a potential application in the area of drug delivery carriers .…”

“…Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image and dynamic light scattering (DLS) histogram (inset) of the nanoparticles assembled by PGBL- co -PCO-MI (right). Reproduced with permission from ref . Copyright 2020 Royal Society of Chemistry.…”

“…102 Similar results were observed for L-lactide (LLA) and 3,3-bis-(chloromethyl) oxacyclobutane (CO). 103,104 The comonomers include various lactones and epoxides, such as ε-CL, δvalerolactone (δ-VL), ω-pentadecalactone (PDL), LLA, CO, glycolic acid (GA), and 3,4-T6GBL.…”