Zwitterionic Surfactant Modified Acetylene Black Paste Electrode for Highly Facile and Sensitive Determination of Tetrabromobisphenol A

Abstract

A electrochemical sensor for the highly sensitive detection of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) was fabricated based on acetylene black paste electrode (ABPE) modified with 3-(N,N-Dimethylpalmitylammonio) propanesulfonate (SB3-16) in this study. The peak current of TBBPA was significantly enhanced at SB3-16/ABPE compared with unmodified electrodes. To further improve the electrochemical performance of the modified electrode, corresponding experimental parameters such as the length of hydrophobic chains of zwitterionic surfactant, the concentration of SB3-16, pH value, and accumulation time were examined. The peak currents of TBBPA were found to be linearly correlated with its concentrations in the range of 1 nM to 1 µM, with a detection limit of 0.4 nM. Besides, a possible mechanism was also discussed, and the hydrophobic interaction between TBBPA and the surfactants was suggested to take a leading role in enhancing the responses. Finally, this sensor was successfully employed to detect TBBPA in water samples.

Recent advances in applications of surfactant‐based voltammetric sensors

“…The findings were indicative of the better performance of ABPEs compared to commonly utilized, carbon powder‐ or graphite powder‐based CPEs as improvements were observed in parameters such as the reversibility of the electrochemical reaction and transfer of electrons, while the ratio of signal/noise (S/N) was also higher (Wei et al, 2016). The efficiency of sensor design could be optimized remarkably using surfactant‐based voltammetric methods and by considering the limit of detection as the primary indicator of the diagnostic power of a sensor.…”

“…Furthermore, proper stability and sensitivity were reported in the determination of IG in the real sample of candy‐coated chocolate. Moreover, a zwitterionic surfactant is known as 3‐( N , N ‐Dimethylpalmitylammonio) propanesulfonate (SB3‐16) has been applied for the modification of the surface of acetylene black paste electrode (ABPE) electrode to detect tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) (Wei et al, 2016). TBBPA and 0.05 mM SB3‐16 exhibited a hydrophobic interaction, which improved the current response.…”

“…The efficiency of sensor design could be optimized remarkably using surfactant‐based voltammetric methods and by considering the limit of detection as the primary indicator of the diagnostic power of a sensor. The linear range of the detection approaches in non‐stripping techniques clarifies that the constructed surfactant‐based sensors can detect TBBPA, AA, and rutin in the great widespread concentration range (Deng et al, 2012; Wei et al, 2016).…”

Properties and applications of amphoteric surfactant: A concise review

“…Furthermore, due to its outstanding selectivity, sensitivity, and accurateness, the extra special electrochemical sensor has been developed using acetylene black electrode (AB) and carbon nanotube (CNT) with sulfobetaine (SB3‐16) as sensitizing materials for evaluating triclosan (TCS) in household goods (Li et al, 2020). Because of its broad pH range, it can significantly minimize the liquid surface tension and enhance the electrode's adsorption capability to the destination (Wei et al, 2016).…”

Electrochemical determination of tetrabromobisphenol A in water samples based on a carbon nanotubes@zeolitic imidazole framework-67 modified electrode

“…Electrochemical detection methods are more advantageous than chromatography 12 and chromatography-mass spectrometry 13 in terms of speed, handling convenience, and cost. Several carbon materials, such as acetylene black (AB), 14,15 carbon nanotubes (CNTs), 16 and nitrogen-doped graphene, 17 have been employed to construct electrochemical sensors for the detection of TBBPA. Although the carbon materials exhibit excellent conductivity, their adsorption capacity for TBBPA is insufficient, which decreases their sensitivity for detecting TBBPA.…”