Zytokine bei neuropathischen Schmerzen

Abstract

Cytokines are a heterogeneous group of polypeptides that were originally described to mediate activation of the immune system and inflammatory responses. Most of them have meanwhile been shown to be also produced by and act on the peripheral and central nervous system. There is ample evidence from experimental studies that proinflammatory cytokines induce or increase neuropathic pain as well as inflammatory pain. Direct actions of cytokines on afferent nerve fibers have been shown as well as actions involving further mediators such as prostaglandins or nerve growth factor. Inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines, either by synthesis inhibitors, inhibitors of cleavage from the cell membrane, by direct antagonists, or by anti-inflammatory antibodies, reduces pain and hyperalgesia in most models studied. Studies with cytokine knock-out animals often lead to different results from the pharmacological studies. This is in part due to compensatory mechanisms in the animals combined with the high redundancy of the cytokine system. Preliminary data from human studies are encouraging insofar as in the future, cytokine inhibition may add to the panel of treatment modalities for neuropathic pain.

The relationship between neuropathic pain and serum endocan, ET-1, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, TNF-α, VEGF-A levels in fibromyalgia patients and molecular docking results

“…The relationship between NP and FMS has been shown in few studies in the literature. Some of these investigations reported that IL1, IL-6, IL8, MCP-1 and TNF-α are associated with pain severity in FMS 6,12,32,33 . Wang et al evaluated the serum IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels and their relationship with pain intensity in 20 FMS patients at admission and 10, 21, and 180 days after starting treatment.…”

“…In recent years, the roles of molecules such as endocan, endothelin-1 (ET-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) have been mentioned in a limited number of important studies conducted in FMS patients with whole exome sequencing or other molecular analyzes [8][9][10][11] . The fact that the pain is unique to the individual and the occurrence of pain of different sizes in different people with the same lesion is attributed to the genetic difference in cytokine production 12 .…”